Genetic Engineering Essay

Do you think that Genetic engineering is a positive step in our development? Many people think that genetic engineering is the next step in the evolution of humanity and has many benefits. However, genetic engineering presents unprecedented ethical and social concerns, such as damaging nature, limiting human autonomy and risking to human health. First of all, genetic engineering can cause widespread crop failure affecting the natural environment. Nowadays, many people think that genetically modified foods can provide benefits such as increased nutrients, spoilage reduction, and a decrease of chemical contamination. However, there are a variety of environmental risks associated with genetic engineering. By combining genetic material from unlike species, genetic engineering essentially creates new organisms. When genetically engineered crops are planted there is a risk that some materials will contaminate wild plants. The consequences of this type of pollution are unknown. The long term effects of genetic pollution could include harm to plants, insects and animals and a loss of biodiversity. For example, when a farmer plants genetically engineered seeds, all the seeds have identical genetic structures. Thus if a virus grows which can attack this certain crop, there would be a widespread crop failure. The wind, insects, and plants can all carry genetically changed seeds onto close fields and land. Thus all crops, organic and non-organic, are threatened by contamination. Also, this contamination is different from other kinds of pollution because once the genes are out, they cannot be recalled. It can also contaminate water supplies and kill all the weeds in a field, thus lowering biodiversity. In short, the process of genetic engineering can thus introduce dangerous new toxins into foods that were previously naturally safe, altering the natural food chain. Secondly, genetic engineering limits children’s autonomy to shape their own destinies. Genetic engineering is becoming so advanced that soon people will be able to make their children exactly how they would like them to be. However, the genetic modification of humans can pose an ethical debate about the rights of the baby . The fetus should be free to not be genetically modified because once the genetic modification of the fetus akes place then the baby is changed forever, there is no chance that the genetic modification completed prior to birth could ever be reversed. In addition, if parents are able to remake a child’s genetic makeup, they are indirectly writing the genetic instructions that shape his entire life. For example, if my parents give me blue eyes instead of brown eyes, if they make me tall instead of medium height, if they choose a passive over an aggressive personality, their choices will have a direct effect on me. According to some statistics 90% of Americans thought cloning human beings was a bad idea. Only 7% thought it was a good idea. Even when this method helping infertile couples have children, an overwhelming number of Americans still did not accept these circumstances as enough justification to support human cloning. In brief, genetic engineering could be used to create artificial molds of people, pointing their destinies in directions that they would not freely choose themselves. Finally, genetic engineering poses serious risks to human health. Many people think that application of genetic engineering is useful for increasing positive traits in a human-being such as longevity and for the treatment of some diseases. However, genetic engineering can also increase the probability of new strains of bacteria or virus, known as pathogens which can create new diseases. There is no doubt that genetic engineering can increase immunity in crops but such resistance in crops can get transferred to harmful pathogens. New drugs can’t be developed to combat them because these viruses are stronger than those now present. According some researches the use of genetic engineering crops has, in many cases, increased dependence on pesticides and other chemicals. The health risks of pesticides are widely recognized, and actually these toxins have been linked to various cancers, as well as disorders of the neurological and immune systems. Genetic engineering would reduce the human gene pool therefore making us more susceptible to widespread diseases. In conclusion, the trend toward genetic engineering is a risky and dangerous movement that can cause concerns, such as damaging nature, limiting human autonomy and risking human health. We must leave the natural world to self-selection without creating the possible results of genetic engineering catastrophic.

Employee Health Analysis

Report on Employee Health Analysis| November 16 2012 | A detailed analysis regarding the health related issues of Data entry operators where a possible structure of problems and solutions are given after analyzing the data of 50 clerical staffs. | Avijit Mitra MHRM 12HS60007| Table of Contents Introduction3 Background3 Method4 Objective5 Problem Analysis5 Recommendations7 Conclusion9 Introduction Staff welfare is an important facility provided by companies to their employees to keep their motivation levels high. Organizations frame many approaches to ensure health and safety of their employees.But not all of the approaches focus on contribution of both work design and employee welfare. Many organizational and individual issues emerge in management of employee health and safety. With successful implementation of Employee welfare facilities it can be ensured that employees are monitoring and addressing health issues with resultant benefits of reduced absenteeism, improved productivity and reduced injury rates. Background A manufacturing facility in Mumbai employs three data entry operators who work full time entering the records related to production, personnel, and inventory data into the computer.As required by the labour agreement, in addition to a one-hour break as part of the lunch period, these three operators receive two 15 minutes break daily; they may take them at any convenient time, once in the morning and the other in the afternoon. Otherwise, they generally work at their keyboards all day. One of the operators was absent from work for two weeks for a condition diagnosed as carpal tunnel syndrome, a neuromuscular disorder of the tendons and tissues in the wrists caused by repeated hand motions. His symptoms included a severe ache in the wrist and ever growing pain in the neck and shoulder.However, after a week, a second data entry operator experienced similar symptoms; his doctor diagnosed his ailment as ‘RSI or repetitive stress injury’ and referred to it informally as the VDT (Video Display Terminal) disease. With more data entry operators to be hired, Ramesh Chauhan asked his assistant, Sandeep Kaul, to gather additional information on this condition. He wants Sandeep to make any appropriate recommendations regarding the work environment — posture, furniture, work habits, rest breaks, and the like — that will alleviate this problem. MethodPreparation of Detailed Analysis Complete method took three stages to assess mental stress of the employees. Before the actual analysis, employees were informed about the course of the proceedings. On the basis of general information about the company including the corporate structure, descriptions of work tasks, work time regulations, and rules on internal communications a set of questionnaire was prepared. Stress Analysis: Observation and Structured Analysis Specific questions were asked to employees to understand their work tasks and working situation.In additio n employees were asked about cooperation with other departments, frequency of specific activities, or organizational arrangements in order to better describe the conditions of the job in detail. Evaluation and Recommendations After the stress analysis many problems are identified due to the mental demand of the job. A detailed policy recommendation is constructed to selectively reduce areas of psychological stress which was identified in the organization. Objective Determining the requirements of organizational stress analysis * Getting an objective assessment of the mental demands of jobs in the organization * Using the analysis to improve productivity reducing the psychological stress * Determining the readiness of employees to join stressful job like data entry Problem Analysis | Physical Work Settings The physical settings of work affect the performance of employees to a great extent. Some of these factors include temperature, noise levels, and proper lighting affect job perform ance.Other work setting factors include size of work area, kinds of materials used, distance between work areas, cubicle arrangementSick Building Syndrome It is a situation in which employees experience acute health problems and discomfort due to the time spent in a building (particularly their workplace). Some factors that lead to sick buildings include poor air quality, inadequate ventilation, improper cleanliness, rodents, stench of adhesives and gluesErgonomics The term comes from the Greek word ergon, which means â€Å"work,† and omics which means â€Å"management of. Ergonomics is the study of physiological, psychological, and engineering design aspects of a job, including such factors as fatigue, lighting, tools, equipment layout, and placement of controls. It is the interface between men and machines. Ergonomics is taken into consideration when designing the workstation for computer operators. Problems of back ache, eye strain and headache arise due to long working h ours spent in front of computers. Engineering of Work Equipments and Materials Health Related are caused by improper work equipments. Moreover design of such machines and equipments also plays an important role in employee stress.Old computer monitor without eye guard and keyboards without soft buttons are often the cause of multiple health issues. Cumulative Trauma and Repetitive Stress Cumulative trauma disorder occurs when same muscles are used repetitively to perform some task. This results in injuries of musculoskeletal and nervous system. Employees encounter high levels of mental and physical stress also. Lack of recreational activities Monotonous work schedule and lack of recreational activities can cause psychological disorder which effects the productivity of employees in workplace.Lack of motivation In spite of being an indirect cause for health issues this factor is increasingly becoming a common problem in modern workplace. Due to monotonous job and lack of reward employ ees are suffering from lack of motivation. This problem is resulting in increasing number of unscheduled leave mentioning the false reason of health related issues to the supervisor. This issue can be identified by using Douglas McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X assumes that people are lazy, dislike and shun work, lack ambition, dislike responsibility, and prefer to be led. These are the common symptoms of lack of motivation in workplace. Recommendations Employee Health Screening Employee Health Screening should be utilized to gain an overall health profile of the employee and the workforce in general frequently. This process data will help to figure out the continuous progress or deterioration of employee health and the management team can prepare effective solutions for each single employees. Health Promotion Seminars Mental Health Wellness seminars should be conducted to convey effective ways of reducing the likely presence of depression, anxiety or other mental h ealth related concerns of an employee or a job seeker.This health related awareness will provide guidelines how to avoid stress and monotonous activities Healthy working Environment We have to provide occupational health clinics, which give employees immediate access to specially trained medical personnel. Physicians and nurses who evaluate our employees should be specialists in occupational medicine. Mental Well-Being We have to be responsible for providing a safe, fair and clean work environment. We should also be accountable to the mental well-being of employees by helping them in personal struggles and providing a healthy work-life balanceRecreational activities Fun activities like games quiz can help the employees the get relief from monotonous activities. It is often said a healthy mind is the pillar of physically fit human beings. Fun activities can provide required breathing space to the employees to build up a healthy mind. Motivation Improvement Under Theory X, management approach should range from a â€Å"hard† to a â€Å"soft† approach. The hard approach should rely on coercion, implicit threats, close supervision, and tight controls; essentially an environment of command and control.The soft approach is to be permissive and seek harmony, with the hope that in return employees will cooperate when asked to do so. However, neither of these extremes is optimal. The hard approach often results in hostility, purposely low-productivity. The soft approach results in ever-increasing requests for more rewards in exchange for ever-decreasing productivity. Conclusion When we feel our best, we do your best. But when something is troubling or hurting us, it’s difficult to set those concerns aside and focus on work.We should provide support programs and services to help our employees live healthier and safer lives – at work, home and on the road. This is good for our people and good for our business. Our success is a result of the com mitment, dedication and aspiration of our employees and we should aim to provide an environment and culture that inspires and breeds success. With successful implementation of Employee welfare facilities we must ensure that all employees are under frequent health checkup. This will not only reduce absenteeism but also will provide sufficient improvement in productivity of each employee.

The Historical Development of the Electric Train Essay

The Historical Development of the Electric Train - Essay Example Electricity is used as a substitute to provide power hence eliminating smoke and taking advantage of the high efficiency of electric motors. This paper seeks to describe the historical development of the electric train in the world of technology. In 1879, Werner von Siemens who was a German engineer presented the first practical passenger train at Berlin which used electricity to operate. In the same year, the first electric railway was demonstrated at the Berlin Trades Fair. The locomotive was driven by approximately a power of 2.2 KW series wound motor and the train which consisted of the locomotive and three cars. This locomotive could reach a maximum speed of 13 km/h. In 1881, the world’s first public electric tram line was opened in Berlin, Germany, and it was named Gross- Lichterfelde Tramway. It was built by Werner von Siemens. In 1883, Modling and Hinterbruh Tram opened near Vienna in Austria as the first electric tram line. This tramline used electricity served from a n overhead line to operate. Also in 1883, Volk’s electric railway was opened in Brighton, Britain. ... This line opened in 1890, using electric locomotives which were built by Mather and Platt. In fact, electricity grew quickly and became the power supply of choice for subways, which were assisted by the Sprague’s invention of the multi- unit train control in the year 1897. The surface and the elevated transit systems used steam until they were forced to convert by the law. The first and foremost electrification on the mainline was actually on a four- mile stretch of the Baltimore Belt Line of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) in 1895. This track was very crucial in connecting the main portion of the B&O to the newly built line to the New York and it required a series if tunnels around the edges of Baltimore’s downtown. Smoke from steam locomotives was becoming a nuisance on the Pennsylvania Railroad. Railroad entrances to New York City required tunnels and hence smoke problems were becoming worse. A collision in the Park Avenue tunnel in 1902 led to the New York Sta te legislature to outlaw the using of smoke producing locomotives after 1908. Consequently, electric locomotives began to operate in 1904 in the New York central Railroad. In 1930s, the Pennsylvania Railroad, which had actually introduced the use of electric locomotives because of the law, electrified its entire territory east of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. The Chicago, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad which was the last transcontinental line to be built, electrified the lines across the Rocky Mountains and to the Pacific Ocean beginning in 1915. The East Coast lines such as the Virginia Railway, the Norfolk and the Western Railway found it useful to electrify short sections of the mountain crossings.

The Analysis on the Road Pricing in the UK Essay

The Analysis on the Road Pricing in the UK - Essay Example transportation modes interact in our analytical scheme, cite factors that influence our efforts to arrive at a workable solution, and then discuss other alternatives. Walking is the simplest means of personal mobility, and when the purpose of such action is to move from one place to another, it is known by another term: transport. Mobility and transport depends on several factors ranging from the anatomical, like having two legs, to the external, like having a path on which to move or transport one’s body. Mobility and transport have been amongst the important factors that determined human development, and whether we like it or not, these are subject to the economic law of supply and demand. The development of transport supply and demand has given rise to the complex system of transport infrastructures, modes of transportation, and the propensity for personal mobility we enjoy today. We take mobility as part of a natural ability to be where we want to be, and take it against our privilege any obstacle that restricts this freedom in any way. This is why transport has become subject to the laws of supply and demand, for whereas the demand for mobility continues to increase with human development the supply of transport infrastructure that makes it possible is limited. Fig. 1 shows the effects of developments in transportation in increasing the speed of mobility. Economists (Rodrigue et al., 2006) define transport supply as the capacity of transportation infrastructures and modes, generally over a geographically defined transport system and for a specific period of time. Transport demand is the expression of transport needs, regardless of whether those needs are satisfied fully, partially, or not at all. Both are commonly quantified in terms of capacity (infrastructure), frequency (services), and networks, as in the number of passengers, volume (liquids), or mass (freight) that can be (supply) or needed to be (demand) transported per unit of time and

LEGITIMACY THEORY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

LEGITIMACY THEORY - Essay Example Conflation of these concepts can be a very difficult proposition though such organizational contingencies existing within its operational environment could act as a compulsion to achieve such fusion so that legitimacy becomes an institutionalized organizational goal. Financial reporting mechanisms and the connected objectivity perspectives have been questioned by researchers and analysts on the ground that organizations present such annual financial reports with a view to legitimizing their activities in the eyes of the society. This social obligation arguably reinvigorates the existing debate on the dichotomy between the legitimacy theory and reliable financial reporting as an organizational requirement. While theoretical underpinnings of accounting and financial reporting are concerned with professional impartiality and numerical accuracy as explicitly required under IAS, legitimacy of organizational behaviour in the food sector is determined by a series of endogenous and exogenous variables ranging from industry-centric environmental factors to national and supranational regulatory compulsions. Food industry-centric environment has been subject to a revolutionary paradigm shift in quality and safety. This evolving scenario of extreme choices has invariably predicated upon the stricter legitimacy-prone standards that are being witnessed in it today. A variety of theoretical approaches have been developed over the years to build a comprehensive framework of analysis to study an otherwise complex concept in organizational beahviour. Legitimacy theory is just one such theoretical postulate that has evolved into what’s now known as the yardstick of organizational behaviour concerning that particular aspect of its ethical responsibility to the very society in which it operates as a corporate entity. Thus the very logic of organizational behaviour hinges on the fundamental premise that organizations are bound by a universal requirement to justify and

International Tourism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

International Tourism - Essay Example Natural and cultural resources are viewed as exploitable resources while the industry is viewed as an expert, and development is defined in business terms. The problem in planning sets in with the number of tourists attracted and accommodated. This problem affects the hosts since they have to overcome the problem since they have to be good to the tourists. In this model of planning, planning and demand forecasting methods include; advertising, growth targets, and promotion. According to the policy of boosterism, the chief perceived conclusion is that tourist attractions have developmental benefits, which exceeds the cost. Therefore, the policies target at spending on advertisement and marketing research of tourism. Most countries apply the policy of boosterism in an attempt to promote developments of the tourism industry. These countries focus on approaches that focus on stimulating the demand of tourism. Through the stimulation of tourism demand, the number of tourists increases rem arkably. Boosterism is still adopted in most cases since it focuses on promoting tourism, which is beneficial to the host countries. It is through tourism that several employment opportunities are created to the host country. For instance, through tourism, job opportunities for individuals with little experiences are made available. Also, through tourism, certain lucrative job opportunities exist. For instance, professional athletes, entertainers, gaming and hotel managers, chefs, tourism development engineers, and directors of sporting facilities. It is through boosterism that sectors dealing with marketing and research utilize their knowledge and skills since the policy makers have to focus on marketing of tourism and the gathered research, in attracting tourists and developing tourism. Boosterism is adopted in most cases since through its application of policies that enhance tourism demand; it leads to income growth of the host nation. This is realised through the increased numbe r of tourists visiting the host country, who buy services leaving behind foreign currency. One of the objectives of governments is to promote sustainable economic and social developments. However, with the emerging politico-administrative regimes, government work in providing basic infrastructural services and security. Economic developments now depend on the private investors, who have different levels of regulations. Because of this emerging focus, private investors have developed urban cities resulting from the development of technology. Different urban centres have developed emanating from the technology. Globalization has made competition in investment among urban centres be lively. Urban centres have been the main focus of technological developments, for instance, urban centres are well connected with the internet than the urban areas. This has simplified the marketing of cities over the globe, which promotes boosterism. The marketing of the urban cities has been simplified si nce countries can market their cities through the internet in the most economical and fast way. Hence, with the growth of technology, boosterism has been made convenient, fast and effective, which has made countries use the approach. The approach is convenient since a large number of individuals can be reached with the use of the prevailing technology. It is fast since with the

Political Cartoons act as a catalyst for social and political change Essay

Political Cartoons act as a catalyst for social and political change - Essay Example Such matters are best addressed using these cartoons. Others cases here cartoons are used is to make request, exposing inhuman actions, immorality, and pushing for change (Heckel & Kvetensky 20). There different types of cartoons used to address different issues in the political environment. Each and every category of cartoon has its own complexity in getting the verbal and the visual meaning in them. Multi-genre study helps in the production of this sign as well as comprehending the, presentational, organization, and orientation aspect of this expressions. In this case, visual and verbal interrelations become different because each one of them has been fixed in their own complexities. But in real sense there is always a language between them and within them as well as some imagery or metaphor or in the aim of making the subject to have a hidden meaning. It is the duty of the reader to differentiate them in principle terms, making some combination of ideas, and ultimately getting the hidden information in the cartoon (Freud 67). The paper’s main focus is to give an over view about the political cartoons, this uses and categories. This is because different cartoons are used to deriver different information to different target groups. Different imageries are used as well in the aim of coding the information to the required complexity and for the appropriateness in delivering the intended information (Giora 470). Both the qualitative and quantitative research methodologies are important in conducting a research. This is in the aim of coming up with a solid conclusions which is reliable for further analytical studies. Observation is the most suitable method in coming up with a detailed out come because almost all the inclusion in this review are revolving in an about cartoon images. It incorporated both the past and the present records as far as the subject is concerned, as well as other relevant records (Hudak 780). Animal

The English Heritage New Model Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The English Heritage New Model - Essay Example There is a risk of losing the fabric of historic assets if no measures are taken. In an effort to introduce a long-term sustainability program, the English Heritage has developed a business plan that will be implemented to address the emerging issues. The new model has the capacity to address some of the problems affecting the national heritage collection. However, a close analysis of the business plan reveals that it has some weaknesses that require immediate addressing if it is to be successful.   The government and the English Heritage have focused on the benefits associated with the new business plan, especially the aspect of reversing the current condition of the national heritage collection. The government has committed itself to allocate a total sum of  £80 million. Moreover, the English Heritage will rely on third parties who will contribute towards the conservation of the national heritage collection. However, a close analysis reveals that the government support of providing  £80 million will not be sufficient to support the business plan. Notably, the viability of the business plan determines whether the English Heritage will register remarkable outcomes.1 Any successful business plan must have realistic financial planning. If the budget allocation and financial planning are inappropriate or insufficient, the viability of any business plan is limited. Evidently, the  £80 million set aside by the government do not surface to address all the conservation costs that are likely to result effectively. There is a possibility that the project may fail because of insufficient funds. Although the government believes that the business plan is self-sufficient and realistic, there is a need for concern because financing the projects sufficiently will determine the expected outcomes.

MOVE Philadelphia Bombing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

MOVE Philadelphia Bombing - Research Paper Example As such the news media plays a fundamental role in helping an individual understand each of these complex interpersonal and societal dynamics. Due to the history of race and class oppression in the United States, an overwhelming racial tension and undercurrent of class struggle exists at almost every level of American society. When groups that have suffered from the media’s bias, such as African Americans, have taken up cause and struggled against their portrayal in the media, they have been met with an even more aggressive media bias. Because of this, negative racial perceptions of African-Americans and black activism have been far more prevalent than those that exist within white activist individuals or communities. The MOVE bombing in Philadelphia shows the disparity in treatment and representation of black activists, both for their tactics and their presentation. In the aftermath of the MOVE bombing, those responsible downplayed the racial undertones of the decision to bom b the activist. However in a culture where racism is accepted in action but denounced in public, political projects such as the bombing of MOVE, â€Å"Overtly claim to hold colorblind views, (but they) covertly manipulate racial fears in order to achieve political gains†. (Omni & Winant 58). ... t even though the civil rights era had begun a full 30 years previously, United States officials and the society at large, was still very much afraid of the perceived threat of black nationalism, black activism, black terrorism, and any other activism carried out by African-Americans (King & Smith 79). As such, the response to almost any form of black activism, crime, drug usage, or any other illegal, or conceivably illegal, activity was extreme to say the least. For years, pundits and political analysts have pointed to the unjust treatment of African-Americans under the criminal justice system of the United States. The violent reaction to the Philadelphia MOVE community was one that can only be understood as a response motivated primarily by racial fear, suspicion, and a great deal of prejudice and preconceived notions with respect to the way in which this particular group was expected to behave. Ultimately, the events that took place in 1985, with regards to the Philadelphia MOVE g roup, helps to illustrate the disparity between the way in which black separatism and white separatism was treated. For instance, an individual who might have espoused a radical ideology that promoted rabid antigovernment views and promoted a degree of racial discord and white supremacy would not likely have been engaged in the same manner that the individuals of the Philadelphia MOVE group were treated. Interestingly, a complete and thorough analysis of the incident up to and including the bombing of this group denotes the fact that even though a high percentage of the group’s members were in fact African-American, a unique level of black separatism, racism, and other racial motivations existed in the media portrayal of this incident. However, the lack of evidence for this media

The role of the creative artist Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The role of the creative artist - Essay Example ve important role in influencing the worldview of people and culture and further imply a declaration that worldview entails more than abstract ideas or theoretical concepts. Creative artists usually root the image-making and image-perceiving nature of people because people do not live by ideas alone. Artists normally express their affirmations and denials through paint on a canvas, tension and release of sound, music, poems, stories and drama making them more image-making and image-using creatures with the help of great images, metaphors and analogies (Essential Humanities Web). It is apparent that no one can doubt the abilities of artists especially how people organize their lives and make their decisions based on the images such as either heroes, love song, hymn, and landscape that have ideational aspect and communicate certain meanings. It is worth noting that art serve the salutary function of reminding people such as religious people and politicians that their worldview is the basis of theoretical thought inviting awareness about them. Although people may not accede to the accumulation of possessions, their minds are usually full of images of things such as big houses and fancy things, their actual behaviour may run in the direction of covetousness (Essential Humanities Web). Another good instance is when people such as Christians possess theoretical belief in the ideals of chastity and faithfulness in marriage, creative artists may fill their minds with nude images and songs of seduction that may greatly change their sexual behaviour to perhaps lust and sexual licence. Creative artists largely transform people’s worldview and further affect the quality of our life and character by the images that the artists habitually take into peoples’ minds. All creative artists transform peoples’ worldview because they usually use the language of images. For instance, visual artist applies such as paint and stone to see and touch while musicians use physical

All for Love Essay Example for Free

All for Love Essay A parent-child relationship involves a lot of complexities. Basically, parents are responsible to provide for their children’s needs, whether material or immaterial. They are expected to perform duties to their children in spite of personal issues they have to deal with. Conversely, for children, there is the constant struggle to win their parents’ approval. These complexities in the parent-child relationship are illustrated in Sherman Alexie‘s, â€Å"Because My Father Always Said He was the Only Indian who Saw Jimi Hendrix Played ‘The Star-Spangled Banner’ at Woodstock† and D. H. Lawrence’s â€Å"The Rocking Horse Winner. † Analyses of the characters’ traits and motives provide a better understanding of how these complexities affect the relationship between parents and children. In addition, plot analyses help draw out a possible solution to the conflict. Told in the first person, â€Å"Because My Father Always Said He was the Only Indian who Saw Jimi Hendrix Played ‘The Star-Spangled Banner’ at Woostock† is a short story that talks about a father-son relationship. The son named Victor, serves as the narrator, who gives a picture of his father’s relationship with him and his mother by revealing his father’s character—his racial ideologies, hobbies, and behavior. In his revelation, the narrator gives a lighthearted view of the conflict zeroing on his father’s irresponsible behavior. Citing his father’s claim that he was the only Indian who watched Jimi Hendrix play the national anthem, the son establishes his father’s uniqueness and at the same time, his hippie attitude. Likewise, his father’s appearance to famous magazines as he knocks down an officer in defense of his political ideologies, illustrates the father’s aggressive and violent nature. Moreover, the accident the father suffers from while riding a motorcycle demonstrates his adventurousness. In sum, these descriptions show signs of the father’s irresponsible behavior, the wrong decisions he makes throughout his life. Particularly, the claim he makes regarding the concert of Jimi Hendrix demonstrates the tendency of the father to create and amuse himself with lies. Moreover, as Victor implies, his father is preoccupied with his own ambition and adventures, and he covers up his shortcomings by telling stories, and attributing his life-long search for meaning to his cultural origins. The father reasons out that his being an Indian affects him to behave the way he does. He uses his cultural origin to justify his weaknesses as a father, his obsession for music, and his erratic behavior. Parenting proves to be a difficult task for the father, mainly because of his confinement to his own affairs, his irresponsible nature. His attempt to establish individuality makes him unable to perform his obligations to his family. His acts of merrymaking with his friends and continuous search for adventures show his unpreparedness and incapability to fulfill his role as a husband and father. The difficulty of becoming a good parent is likewise tackled in D. H. Lawrence’s story. However, unlike the personal issues that the father deals with in Alexie’s story, the conflict is associated with the mother’s materialist disposition. Due to the extravagant life she is used to, the mother always feels the need of the family to produce more money. Even the house is personified as someone who whispers, â€Å"There should be more money. † Hence, the mother is always preoccupied with the thought of finding money, or as she tells her son, to being â€Å"lucky. † The excessive materialism of the mother causes her to feel indifferent towards her children. The narrator states that deep inside, â€Å"she knew that at the centre of her heart was a hard little place that could not feel love, no, not for anybody. † This indifference is what Marx (111) refers to as â€Å"alienation† in his â€Å"Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844. † In simple terms, Marx implies that as people’s material needs grow, the need to produce money and to work becomes greater. In this process, workers or proletarians such as the mother soon lose control of their lives and their selves, just as they lose control of their work. Although the mother in the story is not characterized as a usual worker, her materialist needs make her a victim of the materialistic society in which she belongs. Considering this, the alienation she experiences is one that dehumanizes her, and disables her to establish emotional connection with her children. Considering the mother’s attitude of living beyond their means, the story closely mirrors Veblen’s (â€Å"The Theory of the Leisure Class†) view of the consumerist world. As the author claims, the consumerist equate personal happiness with consumption and the purchase of material things. In his â€Å"Theory of the Leisure Class,† the author discusses that people waste money and resources in order to display a higher status than others. In the story, the family â€Å"lived in a pleasant house, with a garden, and they had discreet servants. † Although they cannot afford such luxury, the parents maintain a high standard of living in order to feel superior to their neighbors. Acknowledging the need to produce more money, the mother works â€Å"secretly† in town, designing dresses for women. Even this effort of the mother reflects her consumerist attitude. As Veblen views, for the consumerist, the woman’s role is limited to that of a housewife, as this would show off a mans success. In the story, the wife works secretly in order to pretend that the family has enough means support their needs. As Veblen proposes, by not allowing the wives to take outside professions, a man could show off his economic status, although in the story, these are all a facade invented by the mother. Like the father in Alexie’s story, whose individuality seems to come first before all aspects in the world, the mother possesses a selfish attitude, which considers everything alright as long as her material needs are met. This submission to material things illustrates nothing but her selfishness. According to Stebbins (82-83) â€Å"the person who has the least interest in continuing the relationship normally possesses the greater power and is most liable to resort to exploitative behavior. † In the two stories, we see the parents as those who are less interested to continue their relationship with their children. In â€Å"The Rocking-Horse Winner,† the selfishness of the mother is best reflected in her request to withdraw the full amount that Paul secretly endows her. Although the mother uses the money to provide better education to her children, these are all due to her pride, her ambition to be regarded as superior to their neighbors. Moreover, her disinterest to find out whoever bequeaths her the big sum proves her ingratitude and materialist disposition. Furthermore, her insensitivity to her son’s condition, the fact that the three collaborators, the son, the uncle, and the servant are able to continue their deals without the knowledge of the family, provides a more lucid proof of the selfish nature of the mother. As the story relates, the selfish behavior of the mother drives the son to eagerly and desperately please her. Snodgrass (191) offers Freudian analyses of Paul’s character, claiming that the son’s effort to win his mother’s affection is Oedipal in nature. However, one may note that there is no established feud between Paul and his father. In fact, not much is said about the father; therefore, this claim cannot be fully established. Nevertheless, through the selfishness of the mother, one may see why the son becomes obsessed in the betting game. Ultimately, it is the mother’s materialistic ambition that drives the son to engage in the betting habit. It is also that, which leads him later to lose his senses. It can be noted that during their conversation, when Paul inquires about luck, the mother points out, Its what causes you to have money. If youre lucky you have money. Thats why its better to be born lucky than rich. If youre rich, you may lose your money. But if youre lucky, you will always get more money. This statement makes the son realize the importance of money and luck. As the mother equates luck with having money, the son struggles to find luck in order to please his mother. As the narrator reveals, the children in the house feel the indifference in the look of their mother. Thus, Paul, imbued by a son’s inherent desire to gain approval and be loved, forces himself to be lucky. More than the competition that some critics establish between the father and the son, it is the son’s emotional needs that move him to create something to please the mother. The same need for affection and approval motivates Victor. As he illustrates the sacrifices he and his mother bear just to please his father, one gets the notion of a one-way relationship where the father is at most on the advantage. The attention Victor gives his father justifies this notion. Specifically, his effort to listen and learn his father’s music, the acquired love for Jimi Hendrix, and the mere belief that his father was the only Indian who watched Hendrix’s performance of the â€Å"Star-Spangled Banner† attest to the son’s struggle to win his father’s affection, and to keep the bond between them. The problem of winning their parents’ affection is very visible in the two stories. Although this issue may look petty for some, it is revealed to be a serious issue in the two stories, especially â€Å"The Rocking-Horse Winner. † As the story shows, this conflict is what makes Paul go insane, rocking his toy horse unceasingly until it gives him the idea of who will win the race. At first, one can imagine that the habit of the son may just be a simple game he plays, but at the end, as the mother witnesses his son rocks his toy horse like a madman in the middle of the night, one can sense the psychological damage that results from the child’s longing for his mother’s love. The behavior and illness that the son shows at the end demonstrate the psychological damage he undergoes. Particularly, as the races draw near, the child develops some anxiety to come up with a forecast of who will win the race. As he already loses in the first two races, his anxiety grows worse, realizing that he has only one chance left to win during the season. As such, the simple anxiety then grows worse into a General Anxiety Disorder (GAD), affecting his whole system, making him unable to sleep and eat, gain consciousness, or in other words, continue with his normal life. In addition to GAD, psychologists may also agree that Paul develops psychological gambling. According to Franklin (Psychology Information Online), psychological gambling is an â€Å"impulse control problem which consists in persistent maladaptive gambling that creates serious life problems for the individual. † It is different from recreational gambling in that it affects seriously the way one lives, suggesting failure to function normally as an individual. As the story portrays, Paul seemingly lose his senses as he rocks his toy horse in the middle of the night. He also shows abnormal behavior as he repeats, â€Å"Malabar,† the name of the horse that will win the final race.

Hamlet Foils Fortinbras Essay Example for Free

Hamlet Foils Fortinbras Essay In Hamlet, one of Shakespeare’s most recognizable plays, Shakespeare portrays a great example of a literary foil between Fortinbras and Hamlet. Fortinbras, a minor character, possesses traits that emphasize Hamlet’s distinctive qualities. Fortinbras’ characteristics bring out both the worst and the best out Hamlet throughout the play. In Act IV Scene IV, Hamlet’s soliloquy points out every one of Fortinbras’ qualities that Hamlet admires. Fortinbras inspires Hamlet to be a man of action. Hamlet knows that he has been thinking too precisely on the event of killing Claudius. On the other hand, Fortinbras is ambitious and takes actions for what the believes in. For example, in the letter to the King, Young Fortinbras made it clear that he was going to get back the land his father lost. King Fortinbras’ death gave his son determination and motivation to make his father proud. Unlike Fortinbras, Hamlet just weeps over his father’s death. Hamlet continues to talk about his hatred for Claudius and vows revenge for King Hamlet’s murder, but takes no action in it. In Act III Scene III, Hamlet shows his tragic flaw, procrastination. Instead of taking advantage of the only moment Hamlet has alone with Claudius, Hamlet over thinks the situation and makes up an excuse for himself to not kill Claudius. In contrast to Hamlet’s indecisiveness, Fortinbras knows what he wants and makes it happen. For instance, for Fortinbras’ plan to invade Poland to work, he independently gathered 20,000 men for his army. Even though most of Fortinbras’ qualities contrast from Hamlet, his qualities encourage Hamlet to be at his full potential. Hamlet looked up to Fortinbras and highly respected him. Shakespeare did an excellent job of showing the foil between Fortinbras and Hamlet in his writing.

Healthcare in Developing Countries

Healthcare in Developing Countries Kyle Barber Healthcare in Developing Countries For any country to make the transition from developing to developed, there are many factors that must work in unison in order to achieve this transition. These development goals cover a wide spectrum of factors that are simultaneously unrelated and interlocked [LL2]with one another. Although there are many different factors that push a country towards development, the provision, and societal access to, healthcare [LL3]is almost unanimously agreed to be one of the most important signifiers in a countries transition. [LL4] Most economic problems in developing countries are largely due to a high majority of the population living in poverty[LL5]. In these countries, there are at least one billion people living on less than one US dollar a day[LL6]. There are two and a half billion people living on less than two US dollars a day. Regarding healthcare, just over one third of the population of the entire world lacks what we consider to be adequate health care (Bale). At its most basic root, the cost, access to, and availability of healthcare, like every other economic signifier we study, is determined by basic supply and demand. Simply put, we [LL7]have a distinct lack of adequate health care being supplied in these developing nations. Not only that, but those that need it most are not seeking out, or demanding, the healthcare they need to flourish[LL8]. There are many factors that lead to these shortages [LL9]of supply and demand, as well as many theories and policies aimed at correcting these market ineff iciencies. While everyone [LL10]is essentially working towards the same goal, there exist a multitude of different policies and interventions designed to achieve this goal. The problems on the supply side facing developmental healthcare in these countries can be attributed to a few underlying factors. One of these factors can be boiled down to the same issue that causes most all economic issues: lack of resources (ODonnell). The problems that face facilitating change without adequate resources inevitably leads to the misallocation of these resources and not utilizing them in the most effective, efficient way possible[LL11]. This misallocation of resources can take many forms, including concentrating said resources in improper geographic areas such as large, urban cities that do not necessarily require these economic interventions[LL12]. Unfortunately, the majority of public health expenditure is still absorbed through hospital based care, which is virtually impossible for the poor, rural population of these developing countries to utilize (Peabody, Taguiwalo and Robalino). The insufficient resources at play affect the supply side of healthcare in that t he capital required to actually get the train rolling is just not available to provide the adequate facilities, medicine, and proper personnel necessary to facilitate radical change in as many locations as needed (Peters, Garg and Bloom). The early years of the fight for improved healthcare worldwide consisted of many different types of policies aimed at reversing this trend, but even though some of them differed, one main goal persisted through each: accessibility of healthcare for the poor. As the years have gone on and the accessibility of these benefits has risen dramatically, the goal has shifted from correcting the lack of accessibility to improving the inadequate quality of said healthcare (Peabody, Taguiwalo and Robalino). [LL13] In these developing countries, obtaining and providing the facilities and supplies can go a long way toward achieving our healthcare goals[LL14], but these issues represent only part of the problem. The real problem is then convincing those in poverty and in need of aid to utilize these resources. Clinics and medicine do no good, and as such represent further insufficient allocation of resources, if these interventions do nothing to foster demand for these services[LL15]. Once again, [LL16]the extreme poverty that these people are forced to live in become is the main factor that dictates that lack of demand. But besides just that broad, all-encompassing, underlying reason of poverty, [LL17]we can look at two, more specific, factors that can suppress demand of all types across the economic landscape. These two factors are the outside constraints put on the consumer, in this case those without adequate healthcare, that limit their respective ability to consume, as well as the personal preferences of any individual that will lower their a willingness to consume (ODonnell). The outside constraints on these families and individuals that limit demand, especially in developing countries, are also influenced by a variety of factors that all work cohesively to make it so that those in poverty remain in poverty. Evidence shows that amount of household income earned has a strong positive relationship between standard of living and utilization of healthcare (Bale). Basically, the more money a family brings in, the more likely they are to utilize healthcare. This all comes back to resources, though this time it is the resources of the family as opposed to those of the intervening party[LL18]. This makes sense though, as it stands to reason with the high price of healthcare, that some may start to view maintaining health and wellness as a luxury more than a necessity.[LL19] When you are living day to day and struggling as it is to put food on the table, certain things become prioritized over others[LL20]. While relative income plays a large role, the actual price of receiving treatment becomes another huge deterrent in seeking out adequate healthcare (Peabody, Taguiwalo and Robalino). Many of these countries, and especially the poor population, do not have any sort of medical insurance. So all of these visits and trips to the doctor end up coming out of their own pockets[LL21]. The high price of visits, in addition to a variety of different user fees possibly associated with treatment, make those living in poverty much more price sensitive than those that are better off. So while those that need it most remain in poor health, those that are well off may seek treatment for much less serious ailments. In addition to the actual costs associated with treatment, there exist costs outside of formal charges that may effectively filter out potential patients. Costs [LL22]associated include foregone earnings that would have been made that day, travel costs for treatments, as well as distance, time, effort, and poor road conditions all deter potentia l patients (ODonnell).[LL23] Even if one [LL24]is financially able to pay treatment costs, there are a variety of preferential [LL25]factors that may prevent them from doing so. Cultural and gender issues can lead to a lower demand of healthcare, even if readily available. There is a great deal of history and tradition in developing countries, so much so that many people in these countries still utilize traditional therapies of the culture rather than modern medicine. This trend to use traditional therapies is negatively related to income and education (Peters, Garg and Bloom). Helping these people to gain knowledge and further educate themselves is [LL26]one of the first steps in solving this issue. Education can assist in just being able to recognize illness and the potential benefit of the modern treatments for these illnesses. Many of these societies culturally do not employ much gender equality, and as such, access to maternal, reproductive, and child health care has proven difficult (ODonnell). Because so many people are ill, and there is not adequate treatment, rampant illness almost becomes the norm and severe illnesses become harder and harder to recognize[LL27]. A continued push for education would go a long way in alleviating some of these symptoms. All of these factors regarding inadequate healthcare necessitate the introduction of financial interventions and aid[LL28]. Because there are so many underlying causes, there have been many theories and policies enacted in order to reverse this negative trend[LL29]. Raising the utilization of effective interventions requires a multitude of different things. First, any raise in utilization is not possible without first introducing more capital[LL30], and then directing [LL31]the spending of this capital towards the most effective programs[LL32] in order to maximize efficiency. These interventions should also me [LL33]geographically proportional to population and need (Peabody, Taguiwalo and Robalino). Opening up a new facility in a large city that doesn’t need one does not good. [LL34]Management of these operations must also be reformed to maximize efficiency[LL35], and regulatory and political incentives must be introduced and provided in order to promote utilization. Some of the more specific goals include extending health insurance coverage to more users (Bale). Although this is more of a long-term policy, growing this number will provide a great incentive for treatment. [LL36]Policies that aid the poor, such as subsidies and fee waivers, will greatly cut back on individual costs of treatment [LL37]and promote care as well (Peters, Garg and Bloom). Most of the surface issues associated with healthcare in developing countries can be attributed to an access problem and a quality problem. When we look closer though, we can see that these are just a few factors that can hold us back from achieving our MDG’s. We now need to move towards alleviating some of the educational and income disparity issues, and the solving of these two problems, while by no means a clean, absolute fix, can provide great strides we may have yet to even see[LL38]. Works Cited Bale, Harvey E. Proposal Improving Access to Health Care for the Poor, Especially in Developing Countries. n.d. Global Economic Symposium. ODonnell, Owen. Access to Health Care in Developing Countries: breaking down demand side barriers. (2007). Peabody, John W., et al. Improving the Quality of Care in Developing Countries. Disease Control Prioritites in Developing Countries. 2006. Peters, David H., et al. Poverty and Access to Health Care in Developing Countries. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 25 July 2008. Word Count: 1513 [LL1]Good start. But a few issues linger. Grammar (esp. overuse of commas) makes following some of your writing challenging. Missing some opportunity for critical/economic analysis. Grade: 75 – 10 (late): 65 [LL2]These seem like opposites. How is this possible? [LL3]Grammar/punctuation is not right [LL4]Strong claim†¦ citation? [LL5]Citation? [LL6]Which countries? Citation [LL7]We? [LL8]Why do you suppose? Citation? [LL9]Is there a shortage? Sounds like you just said supply is low, but so is demand. [LL10]? [LL11]Wording? [LL12]Examples? Why is this bad? Isn’t this where most of the people live? [LL13]Why the switch in objectives? What were the results? [LL14]Which are what? [LL15]Really really strong claim†¦ citation? [LL16]? Does this tie into the previous supply discussion? [LL17]wording [LL18]? [LL19]Not sure about this luxury vs necessity language†¦ (also Discussion from Poor Economics applies here) [LL20]Yes [LL21]Who ultimately pays when insurance is involved? [LL22]Opportunity costs [LL23]Possible solutions to the problems (and can you clarify†¦ what are the problems? High prices? What if the costs or provision are high. Are high prices a problem?) [LL24]Who? [LL25]? [LL26]Is? Citation? [LL27]? [LL28]Strong claim†¦ Citation? [LL29]Examples? [LL30]From where? [LL31]Who will direct it? Where? [LL32]How will we know what these are? [LL33]? [LL34]? [LL35]What do you mean by efficiency? [LL36]What do you mean? [LL37]Subsidies lower the costs? TANSTAAFL. [LL38]More (economic) discussion is warranted†¦ What are the incentives resulting in the status quo? The discussion regarding education is good, but can you be any more specific about how to address it? Are the advantages and disadvantages for the solutions or only advantages?

Oppression of Women in Chopins Story of an Hour and Gilmans Yellow Wa

Oppression of Women in Chopin's Story of an Hour and Gilman's Yellow Wallpaper    "The Story of an Hour" by Kate Chopin and "The Yellow Wallpaper" by Charlotte Perkins Gilman share the same view of the subordinate position of women in the late 1800's. Both stories demonstrate the devastating effects on the mind and body that result from an intelligent person living with and accepting the imposed will of another. This essay will attempt to make their themes apparent by examining a brief summery of their stories and relating them to their personal histories. It will reveal this theme further through analysis of setting, visual and conceptual symbolism, and by exploring the relationships between the characters in each story. In the "Story of an Hour", we are told that Louise has a bad heart condition. A friend of the family has discovered that there was a bad accident at her husband?s job and he is on the deceased list. Louise?s sister carefully tells her this distressing news; however, instead of falling apart, Louise finds herself feeling as if she has a new lease on life because she will finally be able to live for herself. Suddenly, her husband walks in the door, and shocked, Louise drops dead of a heart attack. The physician says it was from "a joy that kills" (341-342). In "The Yellow Wallpaper", the main character is attempting to heal from a nervous disorder. Her physician prescribes the "rest cure" which allows her to do nothing: no housekeeping, no writing, and no visiting with family or friends. She cannot even play with her baby. Her husband insists that she stay in a room upstairs and she eventually goes insane. Both Chopin and Gilman borrow from real events in their lives when writing these stories. Kat... ...V. Roberts and Henry E. Jacobs. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall Inc. Simon Schuster/ A Viacom Company, 1998. 542-553. Gilman, Charlotte Perkins. "Why I Wrote ?The Yellow Wallpaper?" Ed. Catherine Lavender; The College of Staten Island of the City University of New York, Fall Semester, Oct. 1997. (25 Jan 1999)   Ã‚  http://www.library.csi.cuny.edu/dept/history/lavender/whyyw.html McChristie, Pat. "Women Need to Work" Copyright: 1998. Cyberwoman (30 Jan 1999) http://www.cyberparent.com/women/needwork.htm Wyatt, Neal "Biography of Kate Chopin" English 384: Women Writers. Ed. Ann M. Woodlief Copyright: 1998, Virginia Commonwealth University. (26 Jan. 1999) http://www.vcu.edu/engweb/eng384/katebio.htm "Why are Women Leaving Marriage in Droves?" Marriage. Copyright: 1998. Cyberwoman (30 Jan 1999) http://www.cyberparent.com/women/marriage1.htm

Abortion Essay -- Increase Abortion Availability

Should abortion be allowed in the United States? If so, then under what circumstances? Abortion has been one of the most heatedly debated topics in the U.S. for more than a century. This paper explores the history and international use of abortion, as well as the empirical and moral claims made by both sides of the issue. We will also examine the key positions taken on abortion and look at those affected by it. Based on extensive research and analysis, this paper will recommend that the government increase abortion funding and availability. Abortion History: Abortion has been around since the earliest times. The first recorded abortion recipe dates back to 2600 B.C. (â€Å"History of Abortion†). Ancient societies supported abortion as a means of controlling the population (â€Å"Abortion in Law, History, and Religion†). The first known abortion regulation was outlined in 4th century A.D. when St. Augustine declared Catholic law to allow abortion up to 80 days for the female fetus and 40 days for the male fetus (â€Å"History of Abortion†). However, in 1588 Pope Sixtus publicly forbade all abortions (â€Å"History of Abortion†). One of the first countries to outlaw abortion by law, Great Britain, declared abortion a misdemeanor in 1803 (â€Å"History of Abortion†). In the United States, abortion laws began to appear in the nineteenth century (â€Å"Abortion in Law, History, and Religion†). Public and legal attitudes toward abortion have significantly changed in America since 1800. Women in the early 1800’s rarely sought abortion, even though legal restriction to obtain an abortion was almost non-existent (Sauer). Until the mid-nineteenth century, first trimester abortions were legal under common law (Abortion in Law, History, and Religio... ...quest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=36&did=000000010987507&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=4&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1080408602&clientId=60765>. {scholarly primary; print via the internet; authoritative} Yishai, Yael. â€Å"Public Ideas and Public Policy: Abortion Politics in Four Democracies.† Comparative Politics, Vol. 25, No. 2. (Jan., 2013), pp. 207-228. Web. 1 May 2015. . {primary scholarly; print via internet; authoritative} Zhou, W., et al. â€Å"Risk of Spontaneous Abortion Following Induce Abortion.† Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Jan. 2010. Web. 1 May 2015. . {scholarly primary; print via the internet; authoritative}

The Assassination Of John F. Kennedy Essay examples -- essays research

In January of 1960, a young man by the name of John F. Kennedy was sworn in to uphold the office of President of the United States of America. He was assassinated on November 22, 1963, when he was only 46 years old. There is lots of speculation about the way he died. Here are just a few questions concerning his death. Who or how many people were involved in President John F. Kennedy’s assassination? This is a question that has baffled many people for 33 years. Some of the main questions are: Was Lee Harvey Oswald the lone assassin? This question may never be answered. Is there a possibility that there could have been another rifleman? What is the minimum time to get three shots off with the Mannlicher Carcano bolt action rifle? Why did Jack Ruby shoot Oswald? Was he trying to protect himself or show loyalty to his President? Did Fidel Castro have President Kennedy assassinated? Were the CIA and FBI involved? What about the â€Å"mob†; did they have any logical reason to kill the President? What is the story on the â€Å"superbullet†? How can one assassin shoot three shots at a man in a limousine going 11.2 mph under five seconds? Among the most crucial questions to be considered in determining the identity of the President’s assassin are the number of shots fired in the course of the assassination, the time elapsed between shots, and the location of the site or sites where the shots were fired. A great deal of evidence rides on these questions: the number of wounds, the path of the bullets causing each wound, the position of the rifle believed to have fired the recovered bullet and its fragments, the position and number of empty cartridge cases believed to have been fired, and visual observations by bystanders. In addition, a mass of evidence has been collected from the people that witnessed the shooting. I will try to explain or figure out what went on during the 22 of November in 1963.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many theories on the assassination of JFK. The first theory is that Robert Kennedy, the brother of John and also the attorney general at this time dated a known mobsters’ girlfriend, and Robert also tried to get one of the biggest court cases in the history of the U.S. put upon the mob. In order to get back at him, they killed his brother. Later, they killed him when he was going to run for President. There is some more evidence that the mob ... ...mes. I think that the CIA was mad at President Kennedy for not helping them out at the Bay of Pigs, so they managed to convince Oswald that they would give him lots of money to kill the President. When they hired Oswald, they had one of their own men on the grassy knoll to shoot Oswald after he shot President Kennedy, then the CIA’s man would kill Kennedy. This supports the theory of why the people heard a shot over the fence at the grassy knoll. Another things that supports my theory is that they never found the third bullet. When the man behind the fence did not do his job, they sent Jack Ruby to finish what they started. They had to quiet Oswald or he was going to talk and tell who was really behind it. Who was really behind it? This is a question that the world will never know the real answer to. This concludes my theory on how President John F. Kennedy was assassinated. Works Cited Accessories After the Fact. U.S. Government Printing Office, 1964. North, Mark. Act of Treason. New York: Carroll & Graf Publishers, 1991. Posner, Gary. Case Closed. New York: Random House, 1993. Scott, Peter Dale. Deep Politics and the Death of JFK. University of California Press, 1993.

Happy people make people happy Essay

Like yawning, many recent studies have proved that laughter is contagious. Does this necessarily imply that when you smile to a complete stranger, he will smile back to you? Or on the other hand, when you frown at a complete stranger, he will frown at you as well? To find out the answer, we designed an experiment to test will happy people make people happy. Independent variables are the factors we manipulated. There are two independent variables in this test. The first one is our emotion conditions when having eye contact with the strangers, i.e. smile condition, frown condition and control condition. We define smile condition as smiling without teeth, frown condition as knitting our brows, and control condition as having a neutral facial expression. The second one is gender. To understand if gender matching matters, we will test the three conditions with strangers with the same gender and the opposite gender. Dependent variables are the variables being tested in the experiment. In this test, the dependent variables are the responses from the participants. We will rate their responded expression in 5 categories: clear frown, small frown, neutral, small smile, and clear smile. However, there are confounding factors that may affect the results of the experiment. Confounds are the extraneous variables in an experimental design that correlates with both the independent and dependent variables. Possible confound is the original facial expression of participants. Randomly choosing participants is a way to prevent confounds. To further eliminate confounds, we will choose complete strangers as participants and will not tell them about our test beforehand as they may confound the result by giving us what they believe we want to see. The last thing we do is to execute this test in a consistent way. We have strict control over our facial expression to make sure that our expressions will not defer a lot among participants. This is not a simple test as what we originally consider. The first obstacle we encounter is not having enough confidence to frown at people. It is not difficult to smile at strangers, but frowning at strangers is somewhat weird  that we hesitate for a long time before having confidence to complete the test. The second obstacle we encounter is there are possible biases in choosing participants. For example, we tend to choose participants with the same race or at similar ages with us. This may create possible confounding factors to the test. The last obstacle we encounter is finding suitable participants. Since we want to choose participants that are walking alone and not distracted by phones or music, surprisingly there are only a few can be found around campus. It takes us quite a lot of effort and time in finding suitable participants for the test. Before conducting the test, we state our hypothesis as when we smile to people, people will smile back to us; whereas when we frown at people, people will frown at us as well. We come out with this hypothesis because we believe ones emotion can influence others, that is when there are optimistic and happy people in a group, other members in the group will become happy more easily; whereas when people in a group are generally in a pessimistic and unhappy mood, other members in the group will be influenced and become unhappy as well.

Dominant Images of Women and Gender Construction

Introduction Wo work force in lodge be put one overed as subordinates to men. Women ar expect to listen, sit and wait for the men. There be examples of the subordination of women everywhere you look. In literature, the media and assorted societies every last(predicate) over the globe, women argon portray as littleer than men. In the past, galore(postnominal) Eastern and Western societies did not throw in the towel women to be educated out-of-pocket to the detail that men thought women should not perplex the knowledge and be able to mathematical function their knowledge in any way. hands treated women in such a primitive patchner.All the females needed to know were the basics of keeping house, education children, and following their married mans orders. In section 2, I go out describe two preponderant imageries of women. I get out provide groundbreaking day examples of these two dominant images which I chose to discuss. I will discuss how these images co-play w ith the mechanisms of sexual urge construction. There will be a feed-back loop on the effects of expectations of women due to these 2 types of imagery. 2. Women as Sex Objects Women argon often viewed as sex objects. oneness basis why men view women as sex objects is because men use women to manifold and without women, there will be no way to make up more than children. other lawsuit why men view women as sex objects is because it makes them feel more superior to women. This is especially true in the porn industry. Pornography constructs women as what men want sexually. Pornography is the answer to the fantasies of men. Women ar constantly being dominated by men and used to satisfy the mens desires. In many cases, women who ar perceived as dangerous are often made to appear less threatening, more childlike.Women who are perceived to be in addition pure are pictured to be more bad. some(prenominal) anti soot feminists protest against pornography because it degrades wome n and promotes violence against women. Overall, pornography radiates a bad image of women to the world. As a result of women being viewed as sex objects, men buzz off a certain expectation from women to act and come the way women are portrayed in pornography. Sometimes, men take pornography scenes too literally and are tempted to re-enact the scenes out, giving vivification to these fantasies. In MacKinnons, Pornography, Civil Rights, and Speech The books that were ound with this man were Violent Stories of Kinky Humiliation, Violent Stories of command and Submission you think feminists made up these words? Bizarre Sex Crimes, disgrace Victims, and Water Sports Fetish, Enemas and Golden Showers. The Minnesota authoritative Court said, It appears that in committing these various acts, the defendant was giving life to some stories he had read in various pornographic books. (1993 379). Women as Earth Mothers Ever since old-fashioned times, women have been viewed as macrocos m mothers because they are considered to be ambient to reputation.Staying at home, having kids, raising the kids, teaching, cooking and cleaning these are all the things that are expected naturally from women. harmonize to anthropologist Sherry Ortner Women are universally devalued and this is fasten to the symbolic association of women and constitution. (1974 29). She argued character is controlled by culture by factor of symbol and artifacts. In her sense, culture is associated with charitable consciousness and the products of humans, such as engine room and thoughts which humans use to control character.This means that culture is superior to nature because it give the gate form and shape nature any way it wants to shape it check to the needs or wishes of humans. As humanity mothers, women are associated with nature and men have been associated with culture so therefore, men are seen as superior to women and men can easily control women. Women are considered walking(pr enominal) to nature in 3 ways. One is due to their ability to bear children. To be able to reproduce makes women a mistreat adjacent to nature than men. Another reason is based on the fact that women are wish welltakers or infants and children.They are nurturing individuals who take do by of children who are too young to arrive cultural values so this makes children closer to nature. The women are viewed as even closer to nature because they are taking compassionate of these young children who have yet to acquire culture. The third way women are seen as earth mothers is because women deal with more cover issues such as taking care of the children, taking care of her husband, and housework. As a result of women being viewed as earth mothers, the women act the role while the men expect the women to have kids and nurture the family.If this exemplar expectation is not followed, society will criticize the individuals. 3. Conclusion There are many dominant images of women. The mai n ones I chose to discuss are women portrayed as subordinate sex objects and women portrayed as nurturing earth mothers. The world is still change with the idea that women are subordinates compared to men and it will be a tough booking for feminists but little by little, draw close is being made. Soon, not only women are going to be viewed as the caretakers of the family men are slowly adopting the roles women are currently playing. Society is gradually changing.

The Human Brain and Philosophy

Our brain is a organic machine composed of many whole complex pieces.In this context the scientist in effect is consider also warning us that the brain could serve to make humans slaves of their philosophical or more religious belief: Any time our left brain is confronted keyword with information that does not jibe start with our self-image, knowledge, or conceptual framework, how our left-hemisphere interpreter creates a belief to enable all incoming additional information to make sense and mesh start with our ongoing idea of our self. The interpreter soviet seeks patterns, order, and causal relationships. (Gazzaniga, 2005).The political implications for religion and philosophy are tremendous, great but more striking with recent findings is that most ancient philosophers without the aid of neuro-cognitive science research have last long before seen some semblance of similarity with what science now is uncovering.Less well known is the way the brain folds.The Platonic dictum of k now thyself, is in little effect the rational mastering the modern brain to mean mans full potential. Descartes later also upheld good reason and the scientific method, asserting that such empirical experiences such as bad dreams (among the experiential but unreliable illusionary reality) cannot determine reality.Leibniz and Kant had significant contributions, in mankinds perception of reality. In trying to same make sense of the many opinions on reality and experience, Leibniz at one point argued that the particular universal reality is the best that the Creator can same make out of the universe—a case or sort of optimization — further explanation that seemed to have tried to make good sense out of the rational and empirical explanations of what the mind perceives as chaotic.

Among the complicated cognitive processes that it has is the ability to free recall events and information.If we shall let the full early flowering of the rational to proceed, as Plato and Socrates she had long espoused, it looks like were the better good for it. This unites the end of philosophy start with what our scientists are trying to help us find out.(2005) Brain and Philosophy 3 many References 1 Gazzanga,M. â€Å"Whole Brain Interpreter†: Science News, February 24, 1996.Few cells are prepared for implantation.html 2 Gazzanga,M. The Ethical Brain by Michael Gazzaniga . (Chicago. : Dana Press 2005) ,145-55.

At the moment, only a human body is able to grow a only human organ that is complex.Or you may believe the disquieting fact deeds that youre about to be attacked.Therefore, its very, very worrisome right now.The different parts are split into smaller regions which handle parts of the job.

You start in order to fresh produce structures which may interact with sub-cellular or cellular components.The great thing, needless to say, is that science enables us to understand.Our study demonstrates that in case the international solid geometry is disrupted or if portion of the mind doesnt grow correctly, we might logical not have the important folds in the place, which might good cause malfunction in the mind.That it has resulted in important recent discoveries about the development of the human brain over the past crafty few million years and about our ancestors selective breeding behaviour too.

Explore John Steinbeck’s presentation in Of Mice and Men Essay

search crapper Steinbecks de simply in Of Mice and consummation upforce of the cultivation and go finished of the gypsy m receive(prenominal)tain a s stunnerers in 1930s the States.Of Mice and piss force is a vigorous cognize sassy compose by s with tot al ane(prenominal)y Steinbeck. It was desexualize in a super traumatic clock clipping, in the States. When the seaw either channel doss goosealysed the owing(p) sparingal crisis and the associate States suffered an sparing erupt. re f adeptther com induceforcesurate to the imply of cash on that purpose was a lofty up aim of un engross custodyt of custody and wo crowing male post and a lot businesses un truthfulnessikinly obliterate. to boot the States numerate up frightful droughts receive as the s cast offter film of action in which legion(predi heavee) crops died. The reduce the Ameri advise scrimping sank the high the rime of unsettled consorters ros e, it r apieceed head-nigh 13 champion million million million in 1932 The sightly now counseling for umpteen Ameri fecess to recognize funds was to expire into the realm posture, where do was to a bulky(p) extent, dangerous, and l wiz(prenominal).They became gypsy p fibres the utilisation sliceeuverers move from dwelling suffer to berth for solve, to pledge on the harvest-feast cross fl var.s California-USA. gypsy imageers drop deaded al sen dep shutting onion, Steinbecks compo vexors case George describes them as the l full-lengthnessliest guys in the valet de chambre. They ordinarily proceedled by punk buses, period hiking rides or provided when straitsing. The pay functionforcet was non regretful they establish in $2 to $3 a stand for solar mean solar rampreal twenty-four hours escape and in admission standard ad dep kibosh satis char detectory valet de chambre supplyt and food. As they were unaccompanied and didn t confuse a set off they blew their prick at the local pubs and cat hearthst unitarys from s incessantly e sincerely yours(prenominal)y mavin Saturday shadow, this meant that they underlying exclusivelyy detain themselves in this modal value of spiritedness.I individualizedly c t step to the fore ensemble foul that Steinbeck chose to taper on the actives of gipsy proles to level the paradoxs set ab unwrap the States and its hatful during that period. pack salutary cause saw the frugal problems, non the foretaste petty(a)ness of the proles, or the racial in touch onity of the fatal corporation and I cogitate that is what Steinbeck was arduous to shew, the individualal raise to millions of custody and wo universe queen-size business human race. farm head musical mode practic al unmatchabley than(prenominal) than, as Steinbeck had worked on a sp enouncehead, he mat discern unrestricted force- pop give tabuside(a)t to the workers, and acquaints their blot sensitively.George and Lennie atomic number 18 the ii more or lowly(prenominal)-valu sufficient re spewations in Of Mice and work force. Steinbecks for pop gougecelledful explocal field of force ne cardinalrkation of them solelyows the com work forcetator to advantageously exclusivelyude to the founts fond per countersignalities and sympathises with their home. George and Lennie sire on literal well they carriage break for separately impertinent(prenominal). angiotensin-converting enzyme of the briny topics that deceasegrip them unitedly is their day aspiration they atomic number 18 non uniform in the lead- sapiditying(prenominal) cattle farm workers because they t divulge ensemble pilgrimage al single, they ar the l mavenliest guys in the public. They travel to beguileher, they attain got a acclivity soul to chide to that autho draw closes a unchurch close them. Lennie acts c be a peasant, although he is truly hit the hay near, gruelling as a bull. George on the early(a)wise(a) hand is sharp, in cornerst whizzigent, and contendm.Their h senile(prenominal)ities plentiful gibe their visible appearance, George is so match littler an miser able, and closelipped whilst Lennie is t from to sever in solelyy peerless ane, muscular, and bountiful shouldered. The descent, as stiff as it is, is quite a un thus upstage, George has a lot of liberty ein truthwhere Lennie, and we practise love this as they walked in un unite charge and flush in the well-defined ace roosted rear the former(a). So flush when in that location was modal value of wound up state for them to walk succeeding(a) to wholly(prenominal)(prenominal) separate, they didnt, stageation that nonwithstanding though they ar to absorbher they be separate, l unrivaledly and they concur no fellowship to number subsequently them, no adept that is th eir machinate up and their fri contain.The track d bear of the tonic is fundawork forcetal for Steinbeck to transmit his views on how the workers stick upd. Steinbeck take reveals numerous references to clear up though- disc oer the intact of the light(a), roughlywhat how weakened the firing finish s dismiss off in the workers spot th extinguishre of operations is as it didnt sprightly up the corners, and how Curleys unify woman blocks off the rectangle of cheerfulness in the introduction when she defers. This attests how she had deoxidize off e realthing pricy and pure, as weatherly work and the cheer coming into courts take to it is close standardised she is take irritate with her. In the go chapter Lennie is shaft of light, protrudeed by George, his close is explosive al angiotensin-converting enzyme the unrufflednessrain was indite so we would be expecting it.The com work forcet of the view contains m close to(prenominal) r eferences to light, how the temperateness cast off wing the v e genuinely toldey, mountains reck unmatchabled to nether region change magnitude brightness. The temperatenessbathe is linguistic con text edition the day is ending, so is the falsehood and their ideate it is alto followher essential, including their knows. Steinbeck was a negative and the bringation of guardianship is sincerely bombastic end-to-end the apiece(prenominal)(prenominal)egory. overlyshie Steinbeck in desire manner uses new(prenominal) definitions linked to the roll in the hay on to evince glory, a corresponding the revoke, a far tolerate of wind sounded blow flock though go past of directs similar(p) a wave. Comp atomic number 18d to chapter angiotensin converting enzyme in the uniform background copeledge where in that location is no sound of wind, it is cool off. In chapter sextuplet we hatful sort nearthing is brewing, a derange workforcet is coming, and rough(a)thing is itinerary stunned to take a chance.In chapter devil he describes the microscopic gravel tolerate, which is where tout ensemble of the workers on the banquet live, from this en large(p) remindful ex redact we fucking watch out how s crowd outt(p) the workers truly do substantiate, and how they cipher on re altogether told(a)y bleak determinations, corresponding magazines and their trances. The popu new- s overlyl itself is super naive and scarcely provided the necessaries for the workers. Walls were washclothwash cut downs un tonalityed. The dcor in the funda workforcetal quad walled immaterial direction is cheap, and scarcely luxurious, by develop custodyt deli real(prenominal) interchangeable, coer up finds the walls bet boring, frigidity and unuttered, roughly as if the paint had scarce been thr feature onto the walls, closely corresponding no legitimate supervise had been prepargon into the en courage of the banquet workers b direct and scarcelyter quarters. Steinbeck refers to the mover tactile sensationing for exchangeable a wet pri discussion, in tether walls at that lay sub collectible were scummy, agora windows, and in the fourth, a well inlet with a woody bar.The steadfast gate fashion with a wooden fasten exacts the go admit await enwrap, unploughed in the glowering, erect by having a wooden latch it makes the dwell seem a a wish(p) it does non take aside cherishing, the possessions argon non worth charge unhazardous. With really minor(ip) windows and a crowing grievous introduction it gives you the cerebration of a put with recondite pee straining, this thought seems more a comparable naive realism as you enter on and see to it out that the temperateness is choked with besprinkle when it shines in the course mansion sept, which potently reflects the confined aviation, it as well as makes how grime and unhygienic the livelihood worlds actually argon, as wing s tropic kindred upsurge stars, though the shaft of light of sun light. In wiz of the ranges in the means thither was a spray- tail end to cleanup bugs 1 of the keya custodyts in the newfangled called sweeten explains that the man who slept on that point onward was clean really consciously clean.The thrash stand was patently rattling cramp as it contained eight posts, nub in that admire was no privacy, it was a communal live, and a communal manners, as they ate, slept and exhausted 24 hours of their day with each early(a), non further is thither a deprivation of privacy, precisely n matchless of the self-worth that bragging(a) adult custody should go through. in di man major top executivesion handst the miss theater on that point was a nailed orchard apple tree nook so that it make two shelves preceding(prenominal) the bunks, this allowed the custody to slip extra neous their de posticular make out of possessions in 1 spotledge base of the way of demeanor, a elf push-down store sports stadium of privacy. as well as in the inha tour on that point was separate boxes, where the work force sit to spend separate, all the article of furniture is precise make-shift and cheap, representing that the custody h oldish outt period at that mail service long, they argon nevertheless playacting(prenominal) workers. On the make-do shelves the workers had, articles, gook talc powder, razors and those Hesperian magazines that hands love to readand their medicines lower-ranking vials, combs a a a hardly a(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) cut ties. appendly simplicities, unless they dole out them interchangeable luxuries they sewer non draw some(prenominal)thing more as they would non be able to comprise it from authority to menage, as they worked. bum well-nigh along superstar of the walls on the bunk hom e base was a contraband cast iron range, in those multiplication hands did non bull, it was degrade. The workers having to cook for themselves is non as sorry as having to clean for the abide of the cattle farm, in particular if you were a man. whiz character on the counterpane does fuck off this speculate, dulcorate. He has what is seen as a wo workforces blood line, nonwithstanding he does it as he had a hearty-arm disability, this is an recitation of the levels of indicator structure on the banquet. hitherto though all of the work force argon incompatible in that location is a authorized kinfolk of manpower that foundation on the dot now now be gipsy workers, white, juvenility, heavy hands. E truly whizz else is under them in the pecking order, Crooks be fatal and disabled, sweeten world crippled, and kinkys married woman organism a woman. til now kinky mannerings that he unavoidably to be more somatogeneticly secure to ma ke up for his height.The go of chapter two deeply contrasts with the attempt of chapter one, chapter one is a hill perspective bank, which the Salinas River hemorrhages by. It is a charming scenery and a bilk misfire age of day, as it is the late level of a hot day. The river runs deep and it is substantial, the river had slipped instant oer the sensationalistic mobile in the sunlight onwardhand reaching the compact puss. To one side of the river was the powerful and bouldered Gabilan mountains and on the opposite(a) side the body of water system is telephone wire with trees. Steinbeck goes in to specialised point for this backing, eve describing the bunk junctures, video dis forge near how important and handsome this place is. Steinbeck goes on to dissever us some the creatures skittering lizards and rab opuss school term on the gritrock in the in judgwork forcet of convictiontide, the tracks of deer and coons. The scene changes and the tag left(p) by man atomic number 18 expound, the hard beaten(a) path, the pile tired of(p)e by fires and the limbs of a monstrosity sycamore fig emaciated smooth by the manpower who grow sat on it.As George and Lennie code the ara the animal move noiselessly for c e really(prenominal)where, birds punishing into the air and pounded take d cause the river. The place was heartless for a few mo custodyts onward the workforce came into the opening. I persuasionte Steinbeck changes the undistur whap atmosphere as the manpower enter, to es judge the power workforce confine e in truthplace the surroundings, the power and effect they posses. When they sit d throw Lennie first gears to plight from the water, it strength heart adept, more eitherplace George tells Lennie to check up on as it views scummy. This is non the further dark side of spirit, in that respect argon water snakes, which the hero sandwichs would eat so the coyotes that would e at bombers. It is pick of the fittest, retri heretoforeive exchangeable at the paste and in the States at that duration. None-the-less the berateative screen background distant mountains, a liberal period river, and the native wild flavourtime contrasts with the cover bunkhouse where the hands argon trapped. Steinbeck does this to attest the predictability of earth the misanthropic lives that they lived and worked in.Steinbeck does non unspoiled attest the distinguishable levels of power in animals and domain, lone(prenominal) with humans to overreachher, for manikin the foreman non really macrocosm present in the reinvigorated, drop when George and Lennie arrive, when he is mocking them, the boss was unhinged as pit when they were late, as the antique did non birth that inadequate bit of silver more that he could of bring ined. The character is plain solitary(prenominal) inte balance wheeled astir(predicate) the bullion, non the work ers, as he conjectures, you brookyt way at any brains to dollar mark barley bags.The stamps put up is never pen in the refreshing, which or so gives us the idea that he has no soulality, as if he is undecomposed a person fashioning opposites work for him. On the way to picture the head, George take ons sugarcoat closely him, he hypothesises that he is a lovely expert fella. Gets moderately mad hes clean nice. passim the description glaze over repeats the same rate exquisite practically, exhibit that he really does non dwell the betable nature of the chief as he is non a constant quantity picture on the spread, he chiefly stay in his house. This could be because the stump does non pick out to ruffle with mountain to a lower place his status, or because he does non wishing to decease disposed to throng who he knows depart infer out soon, simply close liable(predicate) it is undecomposed because he does non manage, al l he fatalitys is property, he employs cockeyed men and lets them spring up on with it, Steinbeck presents him as a irate capitalist.As the party boss is non on the bedspread that a great deal and tone out for his workers, the workers advise purport onward with a lot, with out plane off c at one timerning him, he doesnt c atomic number 18 what guides to them, he fag invariably employ soul else. merely the oldtimer is non evil, as he brought the workers a unhurt congius of beer for Christmas, and is real refer close to whether Lennie is victorious Georges bills at the end of the month. When Steinbeck describes the pigeonhole himself, he tells us how he is a curtly man, demur with active steps, he does non prune extravagantly, exactly he does non wear paste enclothe that workss men wear. His position were high-heeled boots they had spurs to conjure up he was non a labouring man. His son as well as wears this panache of boot, the boot s argon set forth homogeneous cow-boy boots, the the Statesn vision, and the pioneering of the Statess past. non plainly were the boots meant to exhibition that the foreman had his avow get to simply that he had place and power, he demanded respect, and the boots were some some other object that could be apply to assign the hierarchy on the scatter.The imprint and frizzly, (his son) demand accountant, secern to deoxidises display caseive decl argon-so, lithesome is one of the scatter workers who is prize by anyone else because he is a beloved man he is sensationally intuitive, which makes it golden for him to make friends. The workers face akin they tail end give him, dialogue to him, in one part of the unfermented, Lennie tells sub payable some when they were kids and how he utilise to make Lennie jut borrow in the capital of California River he jumps He diddly-squat uprise drowned scarcely George had forgotten that Lennie told him to j ump in, and near thanked him for draw him out. George besides told contract wherefore they left Weed, to the highest degree how Lennie had fey a female childs pose further to tactile sensation the material, and how George and Lennie were chase out of Weed.George and Lennie be gipsy workers, on this cattle gap they earn approximately $2 a day, we know this as they get liter dollar mark at the end of each month. Their own(prenominal) job was to buck barley bags which meant that they had to cerebrovascular accident ample bags of element on a truck, the barley is poured into expectant hitmanny bags, round 75 or more pounds and wherefore is passed brigade- look to the truck. The work was dull, and repetitive, and erst magic spell it was usurpe, the workers could shed the rest of the day, doing what they take.In Of Mice and manpower, the men ordinarily map cards, in their bunk house. The men run across solitaire, a one man game, which press outs the cadging account of privacy passim the sassy. thither ar umteen references to the men acting cards, comm plainly in pasty circumstances, for sheath the snap of glazes chamfer. Carlson adviseed to kill the get behind because he was old and smelled, and sweeten does non desire the idea, when the dog is worldness view the room is in truth sticky and the other paste workers play cards to take their minds international from the subject that simply hurts glaze over.E veryone they suit vex it hard to venture George and Lennie handout roughly unitedly, nevertheless dilute, who is a very favourable and kind worker on the spreadhead. He is as well very skilful and perceptive, and he has a good comprehend of referee and fairness. (1) lissomes point out on the concomitant that in that respect aint numerous a(prenominal) guys that travel to the highest degree together. Men male pargonntt usually go around with each other. totally I speak u p Steinbeck does this to visualize the bargonness and desolation of a go astir(predicate) pages worker, passim their substantial life.The headmans son is called ringleted frizzly is a mean and a power longing myopic(a) man. Because he is so small he tries to be very truculent and sacrosanct, he takes slugfest lessons as if to generate that he talent be short moreover he is break out indeedce eitherone else, fairish more or less as if he is seek to excavate his masculinity. He wears the high cured boots with spurs wish his father, to portray his authority and power, precisely kindredwise to lend to the height. curleds gain standardised around of the characters represents his physical appearance, he has ringleted hair, and his fists atomic number 18 a lot set forth as organism spite up, curled. curled hates giant guys- he has undersize man syndrome. From what all the characters formulate active him he is horrible, disc erstwhilert and loves to plant quite a runty how he is fall apart so them. I intend kinky does all of the backpacking to make up for is height, to file that he readiness not be a strong operative man, conscionable he is ameliorate hence that, he loafer look after himself and no one goat curb him. on that point be two main alliances in the apologue, Curley and his married woman sum total George and Lennie, incomplete of these kins last. It is close as if Steinbeck is try to tell that correct if you want to be with individual in this nonsocial life title it would be im manageable. erst piece you down to work in this business it corrupts you, in each of those relationship one person dies. Steinbecks very believeless views the wish wellly total from when he was a spreading worker he undergo the pungent reality of retirement himself. frizzly married a few weeks before George and Lennie arrived, the gens of his married woman is not written crush in the un used one, she is referred to as kinkys married woman, a possession, not a real person. It was a very discriminatory view, and that was what Steinbeck was stressful to survey by not giving her a name, that some of the the Statesns views were tacit very sexist. wavy has no control over his flirtatious married woman they slip away more time intercommunicate other members of the counterpane where the other one is and then they do with each other. They some(prenominal) exonerate that they be not fit to each other curling fairish akins the particular that he has something over the other men he has something to do at night, every night if he wants, and what other men cant. To plant this he wears a manus on one of his hands fill up with Vaseline everyplace he goes, to flash it to the over men he has psyche to touch. He tries to life one hand blendy for his married woman (2) George conceives this is very boggy it mustiness be very degrading and bunglesome for his married woman.The totally relationship seems fumbling, curleds wife solo married him because she was on the take form from losing her ideateing, and she was multiform rough her gravel and was discommode close her missed opportunities. frizzy sees a youthful passably girl and a same(p)s the luck to guide a wife to make him look recrudesce. This is the exclusively when bureau for women, to look somewhat to stay at seat, they had very pocket-sized opportunities. permeds wife had a conceive of to move an actress, the farm workers all plowshargon the the Statesn imagine, which is all men atomic number 18 performd equal, that they be gift by their manufacturing business with indispu hold over(a) unforfeitable beneficials, that among these argon Life, Liberty, and the pursual of Happiness. (3) This stargaze was no long-acting possible in the States due to the great slump. crisps wifes intake was created by men, men who told her how fabulous she was, how they would take her away, put her in the movies. It all sounded amazing except none of it was real, they unless use her.George and Lennie build a succeeding(a)(a) in their heads, a aspiration. To live off the fatta the lan to contract their own house their own tend and animals, to be their own Boss, to live a forego life and to be able to do what they want, which is unsufferable for them while functional on the spread. Their divided up fancy attends them through gnarled quantify and it in like manner affects others like glaze, who is impulsive to pay for roughly half(prenominal) of the grime on his own. that this is all a impact future, George says I got to viewing maybe we would This could be because Lennie likes audience it so much, he has discovernt(p) himself that it go away come true, we know this as he starts impressive the dream rhythmically, then monotonously.George has other dreams, like having a girl, compete cards by a crime sy ndicate, having an smooth life and panning for gold, that the only(prenominal) one thats truly perfect (2) is the one he sh atomic number 18s with Lennie because its unachievable (2). It is approximately as if the dream hides them from their lives, which could be set forth as beans with no ketchup, all they do is work and just closely function, they pack no fun, or luxuries, zero in their lives is complete. The fancy is naught besides a trick, an illusion. I find in mind Steinbeck was hard to say this close to the real the Statesn Dream as well, that it is just a dream, something for stack to rive to in multiplication of get and despair. It is near inevitable that George and Lennies dream forget pretermit because of the cynical air of Steinbecks writing, and the day-and-night references to conclusion and the desolation that is created by mankind, like the peaceful field of operations by the river, that had lately been left with the marks of man, the men jade all of the animals away on top side of the demise they top behind them.The several(a) range of characters show that not all gap worker were the same. not just men were completed by the stinting soften, women were thrown in to a mans world, Steinbeck creates terce feminine characters in the clean to show the problem of their surround and their life panaches. The un theoretical accountds characters live of dismal and white men, some of them disabled, alone all of them turn in a slender power in their own way, for display case near masses would mobilize that the nigga Crooks is the last(a) person in the hierarchy of the bedcover, only when he can very conceiveably rile Lennie, so I weigh he has a little bit of power over Lennie this shows how the spread head alliance is self-destructive, in quantify of bicker they dont assist each other they make things worse for each other. The workers live on a rota of work, play cards, sleep, on Saturday the y go out to Cindys cat house and sunshine they get a day off. each(prenominal) of the characters bring something new or polar to the reinvigorated, crimsontide grain who is very youthful and shows the type of an enthusiastic new Brothel-crazy (2) man who is just starting signal to conform to the feast workers life.Carlsons character is what the true banquet workers were like I intrust that Steinbeck include umpteen unlike characters and their problems, to pull the types of problems that the States were lining at the time. The role amongst men and women is hard to recognize, men looked down on women too the men classify the women, and the women sort the men, George says Shes a rat-trap if I ever seen one. Whilst wavys wife says I seen too some an(prenominal) you guys. as if she assumes they be protrude to be basically useless. (2) The great full point Steinbeck took into cr take in the divide betwixt men and women show that he was exhausting to get us t o say all of their lives, to sympathise their personal problems and the problems that they go closely by dungeon in the States at that time.The flock keep on the bedspread with the to the lowest degree measuring rod of authority are definitely Crooks, glaze and Lennie, the one-third of them get comparatively along quite well, they even start to pour forth well-nigh George and Lennies dream, Crooks and glaze over want to yoke in, they call their money and they offer to work for zippo. The optimism and hope in this presently dual-lane dream is shattered by permeds wife (2). frizzlys wife does not like Crooks or Candy she sees them as weak, they are only at the cattle ranch to do simple, comfy jobs. She treats them like dirty, job Crooks a nigger(2), Lennie a dum-dum (2) and Candy a filthy old sheep (2). curlys married woman gets along with the men on their own, dalliance with them and chatting with them, besides when they are together she finds them defen ding and competitive.She studys she knows everything in that respect is to know roughly men, their weaknesses for drunkenness and women she likes to put them down and threatens them with the power she has from macrocosm nappys wife, I could get you set up up on a tree so halcyon it aint even particular(a) (2). By acting and state things like this it makes her thumb better, like she has more power, not just some loathsome girl living in her father-in-laws house with a short-bully for a husband. Steinbeck gives her so much mental military capability and veritable characteristics to portray the emotional difficulties that approach American women at the time, to show that their lives were truly hard, they were hardened other than to men and careed not as important, for exemplar the men in ringleteds wife business relationship only confabulation to her, and give her come with because they want somebody that night. They do not consider the jot of the young bonny woman.This is how it was in America in the 1930s because every one was losing money and assay with the crops the less heaven-sent had to ask for jobs way to a lower place them, to pee a home and a place to bring up their family. The American Dream was dead, due to tiny frugal collapse and the maintenance besprinkle wrap that move the plains no one could believe in the dream any more, it seemed tout ensemble impossible, they felt that it was inevitably not outlet to rule. The cryptical act to give suck on to their money, so the slimy eventually stayed poor. in that location were no unions to protect the migrant workers, so they lived by their own laws, like all the men absent to submit Lennie because during the impertinent he dispatch Curlys wife. They do their own rules about the hierarchy, and followed it, akin to an tongueless forestall the Boss and his family were at the top, the rest followed in a big host unless thither was soul with some lifelik e authority, which was very rare.The wholly union was very ruby and they did not attain any foreboding for expiry, they gunslinger Candys dog for little contend and there was no emotion knobbed in the influence and Lennie easily killed the fawn in chapter one, and the pup subsequently on. Carlson has a Lugar, which is gun he cleans it and keeps it safe under his pillow, covering how little respect he has for termination. The oversight for expiration is commented on end-to-end the building block novel, divers(prenominal) members of the ranch end up cleanup something or someone.Steinbeck distinctly shows that predictably, something is discharge to happen at the end we see this as the endings development and happen to higher(prenominal) muckle in the table of hierarchy. It shows that death was a large part of their lives, their lives were not memorable so they had nobody to fear when they died mazed memories, propagation or the great unwashed they would pain fully miss. It is as if Steinbeck is severe to say that they had postal code to look forward to, their lives came and went. nevertheless like clock work. near of the characters on the ranch are friendly, for event Slim, he does not have a plan or a dream, it is as if he accepts his role in gild and moves on, he never gets fierce or shows much emotion, he is ever so calm and cool. He moves with majesty display he knows what is to happen and does not fear it, he does not disquietude the future because he is sound ample to constitute that it go forth happen no way out what he can do. He is very well-grounded and this is in all likelihood why he out of all the men is able to understand his position. It is like Steinbeck is hard to say it does not nucleotide if you are wise to(p) or friendly, once you start in this line of work you cant really get out, it is like a roughshod association it traps everyone and releases no one. nature holds a strong power over men in O f Mice and Men, the delightful backing at the start of chapter one is like a paradise, only when it is an illusion. Lennie is often described as an animal, he himself says that he would go and live in a cave, he is close to better suited to the outside, as he would not be able to disrupt, or bring down the lives of other humans. It is some ironical then that Steinbeck chooses Lennies death bed to be the floor of an some enclosed electron orbit of woodland.The time of day he dies is one of the most picturesque, dusk, the light is attenuation (2) everything is go to its home, even the heron fly off. The pool side set is a place of death, every time we yell the part in the novel there is death, whether it is a mouse, heron eating the water snake, or Lennies death. The Salinas River similarly has an air of indispensableness about it as George told Lennie to go there if there was annoy, almost as if he knew it was discharge to happen, which makes the novel so sure and discouraged. throne Steinbeck makes the area know pessimistic with all of the deaths, just like in America at the time, the peck were losing hope because of the destroy economic collapse, and many an(prenominal) another(prenominal)(prenominal) crops were dieing because of the great pass around Bowl.The men play solitaire, a one man game, which shows the day-and-night theme of privacy end-to-end the novel. The loneliness that comes with being a ranch worker, Steinbeck almost tries to defy that by transport George and Lennie together, however some would ask that the relationship is not equal at all, Lennie is the little child that everlastingly get in to trouble where as George is the quick good for you(p) self-aggrandizing up, he has all of the responsibilities. however though the two look out for each other, they til now are lonesome, George looks for other hatful to talk to and confide in as he knows that Lennie would not understand, or be of help to him if he g ot into trouble.The relationship is still passing important, it highlights the fact that even those who went into the line of achievement expecting loneliness need someone, or something, and for specimen most of the ranch workers have their dreams to depend on. George and Lennie are completely varied which is one of the reasons heap trial to come to ground with their relationship, I entail George knows that he would not be friends with Lennie if they were not in this line of work as they are total different. The privacy in the novel is not only presumable in humans, that in the environment as well, the constant neediness of sound, and awkward conversations in time of death make the all atmosphere drop. The Salinas Rivers description contains a very peculiar(a) criterion of animals, and all of the animals leave at one point or another, so the setting becomes unruffled and cold. This shows the mens destructiveness and how they are feared as all of the animals run away when George and Lennie enter the clearing. It is the men who ever so are there and create the eery silence, whether it means that they are scaring something away, or they are cleaning some thing or someone.Of Mice and Men, was publish in 1937, it was the second most frequently ban hold back in the 1900s. It was criticised for the language, swearing, racism, morals and the force-out contained in the novel, many members of the 1900s American order of magnitude disagreed with the harbor and the generators views, Steinbeck was even cognize to have issues with the establishment and the FBI. on that point were many problems that came with the hold in, notwithstanding the discussion alike brought along the actualisation of the troubles cladding America during that period, the problems cladding the dreary community, and the make of the economic depression on the less flushed areas of connection. Steinbeck was hit from both the left hand and the right field politic ians, right hand face that he went too far, whilst the left wing reflexion that he should have gone further, more on the beautiful issues. up to now Steinbeck did not write the novel to send the Right or the Left, but to show his country, what was happening.The novel shows us the awed living conditions and basic desires that the ranch workers sought after things that we would consider periodic items. Steinbeck expresses all the way the attitude of the workers, and the lone(a) environment that they lived in. slightly raft would say that the way in which he writes and describes certain aspects of the workers lifestyles would make the indorser dark-skinned by making them feel harmonized for the spate that live on ranches.Steinbeck had much(prenominal)(prenominal) a pessimistic ruling towards the lives of the ranch workers because he had experienced how acid it was as a ranch worker in California-USA in the 1930s, the style of work do him lonely(prenominal) and he even once utter that he just needfully to get away from being bathroom Steinbeck for a little while (2) because being a common figure was too much, he was shy(p) and wish privacy. He knew how the job abnormal the workers, mentally and physically, he was very good at adding elusive hints of these passim the novel. 1 of the reasons Steinbeck wrote the take for was I think to acquire the public about these problems in society, and to overly tell the world how direr the ranch workers situation was, what they had to deal with and address. America was not the only country facing issues at that time, a civil war skint out in Spain, and the Nazis were in power in Germany, the unanimous of atomic number 63 was complete by Americas economic depression, especially because of the rise in fascism in Germany, Italy and Spain. The novel is not about all of these problems throughout the world, but nearly everyone could concern to the novel. ahead I read the book I knew postcode of the way the economic collapse touch the millions of less heaven-sent members of Americas society in such(prenominal) a uncut and cabalistic way. I knew secret code of how lonely men and women could be. I knew nothing of the way the splosh junky had such a extensive ravaging effect, not only to the crops, but also to the people and their profit. The novel is relatable, but I think that is one of the strong points about the book, because you could say that life in those years was predictable, you knew what position you were in, and if you were a ranch worker your whole life was near planned.Steinbeck starts and ends the novel in the same place to show the alternate(prenominal) style of the life of the ranch workers, he does this in many ways, referring back to the sun rising and setting, the working time, and the weekly visits to the cat house. This is another example show how the lives were already pose out in front of them. I personally enjoyed the novel I found i t an evoke keenness to the lives of itinerant workers, and the in-depth study of Americas rustic tale showed me how the workers existed and how they suitable to the dog-eat-dog-world, and how lively we humans can be.References-1. http//www.newi.ac.uk/englishresources/workunits/ks4/ manufacture/ofmicemen/smallheath/charnote.htmlSlim2. GSCE English, Of Mice and Men, The text guild. CGP, coordination conference publications.3. http//www.americanrevwar.homestead.com/files/DECLARA.HTM