Marketing Channel Systems

LOHAS LOHAS stands for Lifestyle of Health sustainability. Demographically, LOHAS encompasses a market segment that is involved with sustainable living. People with the LOHAS lifestyle are relatively large percentage of the consumer market. These kind of consumers seek healthier and lifestyles that are sustainable and that determines the services and products that they buy.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Channel Systems specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Their lifestyles as well as purchasing decisions are basically influenced by the values that they have concerning issues like personal health, community health, social justice as well as the issue of environmental sustainability. Such consumers will for instance opt to go for renewable energy, solar power, organic food, products that can be or are recycled, natural cleaning products and eco-tourism among other options. People adopting the LOHAS lifestyle are known for campaigning for action to be taken on issues that they purport to be vital for human sustainability like cubing the problem of climate change, ensuring sustainability of the water resources as well as protecting the ecosystem (Carson, 1962). There is need for the producers or manufactures to consider the needs of the consumers with the LOHAS lifestyle so as retain these kinds of customers. The people with LOHAS values are increasing day by day and they are forming a very large market segment and tapping in such a market segment is vital. Businesses must therefore have this consumer population in mind by bringing environmental friendly products and this implies that they have to carry out socially friendly businesses. This therefore implies that values play a very significant role in the consumers’ purchasing decisions. Customer Value Hierarchy In marketing, the marketer is supposed to consider five levels of the product. Each level is supposed to add the consum er value and the five levels put together form the customer value hierarchy. The fundamental level constitutes core benefits. Marketers have to perceive themselves as being the benefit providers. A hotel guest for instance is perceived as buying rest and/or sleep. The core benefit is then turned to a basic product by the marketer at the next level which is the second level. A hotel room will for instance consist of the closet, a bed, the dresser and toilet among other products. At level three, the buyer’s expectations are met by the marketer by the preparation of the expected product as per the attributes or conditions that the consumer expects right from the beginning.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The marketer may for instance ensure a quiet environment, a clean room and a well lit room. Since most these hotels will meet this, the customer will opt to go for that which is cheaper or most convenient (Mentzer, 1971). At the next level, the marketer goes a step higher by preparing a product that surpasses the consumer’s expectations. Competition coupled with brand positioning mostly occurs at this level. Differentiation usually comes up due to product augmentation. The marketer looks at the user’s consumption system as a whole. Augmentation usually adds cost and with time its benefits become expected benefits. Most hotel guests will for instance expect to get a satellite television and internet access at the hotel premises. Hotels may therefore be forced to come up with new benefits. The next one is the fifth level and it encompasses the potential product with possible future transformations coupled with the argumentations. Here new distinguishable ways of ensuring customer satisfaction devised. Importance of Marketing Channel Systems A marketing system ensures coordination. It ensures a firm’s sustainable competitive advan tage over the other competitors as well as reduced costs of distribution. They also ensure growth and increased retailer power. With increased technological advancements and the transfer of the same facilitates easy transfer of ideas about products and their pricing. By using the system, a firm is in a position to attain its distribution objectives and in the long run it satisfies its customers. It also helps the firm to avoid the existing vulnerabilities and risks. A marketing channel system is very crucial in broadening the logistics issue by taking it as a significant section of the relationship of the marketing channel. It ensures efficient and quality customer service that is cost effective. It is vital in ensuring a partnership that is long-term and that which reduces redundancy and inefficiency in the system of logistics. All these ensure consistency and timeliness in product and service delivery, as well as protective packaging and cooperation (Robbs, 1993).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Channel Systems specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Benefits of Interactive Marketing Interactive marketing is usually preferred by most business firms as it as it gives the firm an upper hand over the other competitors. It is particularly preferred due to the fact it a good rapport is established with the customers. This method makes it easy for the business firm to get the target market over a wider audience. Technology can be effectively utilized in interactive marketing. The use of video can for instance be very effective in informing the potential consumers about the products are services being offered. The tactic ensures instant feedback and this enables the entrepreneur to improve on the marketing technique or the product quality. With interactive marketing, it is easy to monitor the requirements of the consumers, their behavior as well as there needs. The method is very effective ( Forrest, 1996). Reference List Carson, R. (1962). Silent Spring. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Forrest, E. (1996). Interactive Marketing. London: Macmillan. Mentzer, J. T. (1971). Logistics and Interdepartment Integration. International Journal of  Physical Distribution Logistics Management , 50. Robbs, B. (1993). Marketing Channel Systems. Washington: Microsoft Corporation.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This essay on Marketing Channel Systems was written and submitted by user Madeline Robbins to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

THE CONSTITUTION (SIXTY-FIRST AMENDMENT) ACT, 1988 Essays - India

THE CONSTITUTION (SIXTY-FIRST AMENDMENT) ACT, 1988 Essays - India THE CONSTITUTION (SIXTY-FIRST AMENDMENT) ACT, 1988 Statement of Objects and Reasons appended to the Constitution (Sixty-second Amendment) Bill, 1988 (Bill No. 129 of 1988) which was enacted as THE CONSTITUTION ( Sixty-first Amendment) Act, 1988 STATEMENT OF OBJECTS AND REASONS Article 326 of the Constitution provides that the elections to the House of the People and to the Legislative Assembly of every State shall be on the basis of adult suffrage, that is to say, a person should not be less than 21 years of age. It has been found that many of the countries have specified 18 years as the voting age. In our country some of the State Governments have adopted 18 years of age for elections to the local authorities. The present- day youth are literate and enlightened and the lowering of the voting age would provide to the unrepresented youth of the country an opportunity to give vent to their feelings and help them become a part of the political process. The present-day youth are very much politically conscious. It is, therefore, proposed to reduce the voting age from 21 years to 18 years. 2. The Bill seeks to achieve the above object. NEW DELHI; B SHANKARANAND. The 9th December, 1988. THE CONSTITUTION (SIXTY-FIRST AMENDMENT) ACT, 1988 [28th March, 1989.] An Act further to amend the Constitution of India. BE it enacted by Parliament in the Thirty-ninth Year of the Republic of India as follows:- 1. Short title.- This Act may be called the Constitution (Sixty-first Amendment) Act, 1988. 2. Amendment of article 326.-In article 326 of the Constitution, for the words "twenty-one years", the words "eighteen years" shall be substituted.

MGT(3900) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

MGT(3900) - Essay Example She says that a smile is very valuable in her job because it makes her look very approachable and likeable which is very advantageous to the business. According to Sharon, one of her jobs is to ascertain customer’s needs and this is perhaps the most important part of her job because when the customers are satisfied with the quality service the company provides through the salesperson, the company grows as a result of clients being faithful to the company and also may help by recommending the company to friends and relatives. She also presents company products and services to the customers. She is always exposed to a lot of people from different walks of life and Sharon says that this makes her job most interesting. She is a natural sociable person and communicating with people is one of the things she loves because she learns a lot from them. However, she says that the job is tiring especially during holidays and summer vacations because these are the times they have many clie nts. She says that technology makes her job a lot

Software Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Software Design - Essay Example Architecture is all about the User Interface (UI) of a system (Bass, Len, Paul C., and Rick K., 2003, 2nd Ed.). Software design is a sequence of reaching a solution to software hitches. It takes into consideration issues to do with compatibility, modularity, packaging, extensibility, robustness, security, fault-tolerance and usability. In a System Development Life Cycle (SDLC), software architecture forms the fundamentals that determine the design of that software by specifying the organization techniques to be implemented during the next step of designing. A software design document is a well written and stable description (done by the software designer) of the software product outlining all sections of software and their intended functionalities. This document is deemed to provide a complete description of the intended end result of the software, while keeping to a quality view of the system. Therefore, a well-documented bad design will serve no purpose if it describes â€Å"space† none existing features. It will be better to have a good design that conforms to the system architecture and organizational expectations but without documentation rather than a well-documented but poorly done design. The quality of any piece of code in a design would be determined by using varied code quality measurement techniques such as focus on the fundamentals of Object Oriented Programming styles and the design patterns; writing of clean codes (codes that are to the standards and principles in relation to the problem); and identifying WTFs â€Å"Bad Smells† within the code (Robert C. Martins). The need to experiment with software design is to gather information/ data about the design and analyze it by considering how the intended experimental factors would fit wholly into a model expected to meet the precise objective set for the experiment and satisfy the

Retake exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Retake exam - Essay Example However, increased activity leads to opening of air passages for more air. This leads to bronchodilation. 23. An infant born prior to 32 weeks gestation is likely to suffer from respiratory distress, a condition in which following the first breath the child is unable to re-inflate the lungs. What product is normally produced by the lungs to keep the lungs from collapsing upon themselves? 24. At about 34 weeks gestation specialized cells within the lungs begin to produce a lipid-rich detergent-like fluid that aids in maintaining inflation of the lungs. What cell are responsible for producing the fluids Compliance affects the expansion of the lung and hence only affects inspiration as reduced oxygen enters the lung. Expiration is not affected. Inspiration is only affected as the lung gets stiffer making it difficult for acquisition of oxygen. The law shows that indirect proportionality does not exist between gas and partial pressure. However, the law states that a gas that dissolves in any given liquid directly relates to the partial pressure. Breathing is a crucial process in human. In human, the action involves breathing in and out. This is accomplished due to the variation in pressure within the thorax as compared to the outside. The process also requires the use of muscles. The most essential muscles for the process are intercostals muscles located between the ribs (â€Å"Mechanism of Breathing 1†). Once human inhale the muscles and diaphragm contacts to expand the chest capacity. This causes the diaphragm to flatten. As a result, it moves downwards, and the intercostals muscles move the rib cage upwards and out. This significantly alters the air pressure. The increase in size leads to a reduction in the internal air pressure (â€Å"Mechanism of Breathing 1†). On the other hand, air from the outside moves into the lungs to equalize the pressures. In exhaling, the reverse takes place. The diaphragm together with the muscles relaxes

Pure Enantiomers of Phenylethylamine Mixture

Pure Enantiomers of Phenylethylamine Mixture Introduction The purpose of this laboratory was to resolve the pure enantiomers of ( ±)-ÃŽ ±-phenylethylamine (racemic) mixture, by separating their diasteriomeric derivatives using (+)-tartaric acid. The differing enantiomers form different salts with acids. Two molecules that are enantiomers have nearly identical physical and chemical properties although this may be true, the salts that are formed after the reaction with acid have distinct properties. Some salts are less soluble [(+)(-)] than others, and therefore crystallize from the mixture in a nearly pure stereoisomeric form. When using NaOH as a strong base to treat the salt, it allows for the isolation of the enantiomer (Lab Manual, 2007). Polarimetry is a common method used to distinguish between enantiomers, based on their ability to rotate the plane of polarized light in opposite directions (+ and -). This allows the observer to determine the enantiomeric purity, and therefore the composition of the mixture (Wade, 2007 Chemical Reaction: (-)-amine (+)-amine less soluble salt [(-)(+)]: crystallizes more soluble salt [(+)(+)] remains in solution 2NaOH + 2H2O (-)-ÃŽ ±-phenylethylamine (Lab Manual, 2007) Procedure: Instead of using a 50 mL beaker to boil the amine solution in, we used a 50 mL Erlenmyer flask For the rest of the proceduce refer to pg. 18, 22-24 (Lab Manual, 2007) Observations: The crystals were given a 4 week crystallization period and afterward, the (-)-ÃŽ ±-phenylethylamine- (+)-hydrogen tartrate salt was observed to be a white crystalline solid, and the methanol was a transparent liquid. Two very distinct layers were visible following the reaction with the NaOH (strong base) and addition of the methylene chloride (CH2Cl2). The top layer was translucent in some places and opaque in others, very cloudy, white liquid, while the bottom layer was transparent and also liquid. The resultant mixture following the three separate extractions was close to transparent Discussion: When the (+)-tartaric acid was added to the racemic mixture, ( ±)-ÃŽ ±-phenylethylamine, (-)-amine-(+)-hydrogen tartrate, and (+)-amine-(+)-hydrogen tartrate salts were formed. The (-)-amine-(+)-hydrogen tartrate was much less soluble in methanol, and therefore crystallized out of the solution (Lab Manual, 2007). This method of separation was proven to be quite successful, as the percent yield of this crystallization was 73.1 %, which is relatively high. The presence of impurities, as well as the inability to completely crystallize the salt from methanol most likely attributed to any discrepancies. It is also possible that although the (-)(+) salt is less soluble than the other salts, it still has some sort of solubility, and therefore crystallizes rather slowly (hence the mandatory 2 week waiting period, in our case it was 4 weeks). As well, the other salts, despite their high solubility in methanol, may have still crystallized very slightly over the long waiting period, adding to impurities Addition of NaOH resulted in the formation of two distinct layers: a white, cloudy aqueous layer (top), and a clear amine layer (bottom), and allowed for the isolation of (-)-ÃŽ ±-phenylethylamine (Lab Manual, 2007). The addition of 5 mL of water to the flask confirm that the top layer was the aqueous layer, since it increased relative to the bottom layer and the water was absorbed here (Lab Manual, 2007). The aqueous layer consisted of the (-)-amine, along with sodium tartrate, and water, while the amine layer included any impurities. The sodium tartrate readily dissolved in water, while methylene chloride (CH2Cl2) was added to dissolve (-)-ÃŽ ±-phenylethylamine (boiling point ~ 186oC), since it had a lower boiling point (40oC), and could easily be removed through heating (Synthesis and resolution of alpha-phenyethylamine. After a filtration process, including a series of extractions, there was percentage yield of 61.3% for the (-)-ÃŽ ±-phenylethylamine, which is a lower yield than the original 73.1 %, indicating that there was a loss of amine during the second part of the experimental procedure. The main cause of this error was the accidental disposal of much of the amine layer, in which a small amount of (-)-ÃŽ ±-phenylethylamine was still present. The presence of some impurities may have also affected results, however, they would have instead increased the yield and lead to misleading results. Another possible cause of error is the slight leakage out of the glass stopper on the separatory funnel when the solution was shaken. There was a bit of solution that leaked out the bottom or squirted out the top when releasing the pressure in the funnel. Subsequently, the error that substantially lowered the yield of the product greatly increases the optical purity of the mixture. The observed rotation of the final sample was -31. 8o (levorotary, left hand rotation) and the specific rotation was -33.8o compared with the empirical specific rotation of -40.4o  ± 0.2o (Lab Manual, 2007). The resultant optical purity was 83.7%, which is considerably high. Aside from the previously mentioned disposal of the organic layer, numerous other errors, such as the presence of impurities may have contributed to deviations in the optical purity. The negative (counter clockwise) rotation essentially confirmed that the enantiomer being isolated was the (-)-ÃŽ ±-phenylethylamine, and the high optical purity demonstrated that the extraction was accomplished with much success and considerable accuracy, since the final product was mainly (-)-amine, despite the relatively low yield.

Chemistry: Acid-base Titration Essay -- essays research papers

Chemistry: Acid-Base Titration Purpose:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The objective of this experiment were: a) to review the concept of simple acid-base reactions; b) to review the stoichiometric calculations involved in chemical reactions; c) to review the basic lab procedure of a titration and introduce the student to the concept of a primary standard and the process of standardization; d) to review the calculations involving chemical solutions; e) to help the student improve his/her lab technique. Theory:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Titration was used to study acid-base neutralization reaction quantitatively. In acid-base titration experiment, a solution of accurately KHP concentration was added gradually to another solution of NaOH concentration until the chemical reaction between the two solutions were completed. The equivalence point was the point at which the acid was completely reacted with or neutralized by the base. The point was signaled by a changing of color of an indicator that had been added to the acid solution. Indicator was substance that had distinctly different colors in acidic and basic media. Phenolphthalein was a common indicator which was colorless in acidic and neutral solutions, but reddish pink was result in basic solutions. Strong acid (contained H+ ion) and strong base ( contained OH ) were 100% ionized in water and they were all strong electrolytes. Procedure: Part A. Investigating solid NaOH for use as a possible primary standard First o...

Custom Mold Inc

Case Study Background Custom Molds Inc produces custom made molds for plastic parts and manufactures connectors for the electronics industry. The father founders of Custom Molds Inc are father and son, Tom and Mason Miller, in 1987 which is located in Tucson, Arizona. Tom Miller who is a mechanical engineer, had vast experience in the connector industry with AMP. Mason Miller is a double degree holder in chemistry and chemical engineering, a graduate from Arizona State University.Originally, the company manufactured electronic connectors with source of high quality, custom made molds for producing plastic parts. They worked closely with their customers so that they can meet the customers’ requirements and their mold have to meet the exact standards and have to be unique. Once the customers have moved from the design and pilot-run stage of development to large-scale production, they will place orders for multiple molds. Custom Mold’s reputation grew with the years as a d esigner and fabricator of precision molds.With the reputation, the Millers decided to expand into the limited manufactures of plastic parts and new equipments were added such as ingredient mixing facilities and injection molding equipment. In the mid-1990s Custom Mold’s reputation grew to include being a supplier of high quality plastic parts. Due to limited capacity, the company decided to concentrate its sales efforts on supplying parts that were used in limited quantity for research and development efforts and in preproduction pilot runs. Production ProcessesBy 2000, Custom Molds operations involved two distinct processes which are fabricating molds and producing plastic parts. Both the processes are inter-connected for an instance, when a customer places an order, Custom Molds both fabricate a mold and produce the necessary parts to support the customer’s research and design efforts. All fabrication and production operation were housed in a single facility. Fabrica tion molds requires a skill-oriented, craftsman-driven process. When an order is received, a design team, consisting of a design engineer and one of 13 master machinists, reviews the design specification.Working with the customer, the team comes up with the final specification for the mold and passes it to the master machinist for fabrication. At the same time, the specification is given to the purchasing department, who orders the required raw materials. It usually takes about three to four weeks for the raw material to arrive. Once the materials have been received, the plant master scheduler reviews the workload of the assigned master machinist and schedules the mold for fabrication. Fabricating a mold usually takes up to two to four weeks, depending in the amount of work the machinist already has scheduled.The fabrication process takes only three to five days. Once completed, the mold is tested and inspected, where it is used to produce a small number of parts on one of the injec tion molding machines. If the mold passed the required specification, it is then sent for cleaning and polishing, and then packed and sent to customers. If at all the mold fails, it is sent to the maser machinist for retooling and the process starts all over. Currently, Custom Molds holds a lead time of nine weeks for delivery of the molds. The manufacturing of the plastic parts is different from mold fabrication.An order for parts may be received in conjunction with an order for a mold to be fabricated. For instances, if the Custom Molds already have made the molds, an order may be jus for parts. If the mold is already available, the order is reviewed by the design engineer, who verifies the part and material specifications. If the is any doubts, the design engineer will contact the customer and clarifies the doubts. Once the parts and raw materials are accepted, orders are placed for the raw materials and production in scheduled for the order. Chemicals and compounds used for the manufacturing are ordered and received within a week.When received, the compound is dry-mixed and blended to achieve the correct composition. Then the mixture is wet-mixed to the desired consistency, called slurry, for injection into molding machine. When ready, the slurry is transferred to the injection molding area by an overhead pipeline and deposited in holding tanks adjacent to the injection machines. The whole process takes only one day. When the slurry is staged and ready, the proper molds are secured from the inventory or from the clean and polish operation if new molds were fabricated for the order and the parts are manufactured.Although different parts require different temperature and pressure settings, the time to produce a part is relatively constant. Custom Molds has the capacity to produce 5000 parts per day in the injection molding department; historically however, the lead time for handling orders in the department has averaged one week. Once molding is completed, t he parts are taken to the cut and trim operation, where they are disconnected and leftover flashing is removed. Once inspection is completed, the parts are either taken for assembling or transferred to packing and shipping area for shipment to customer.If assembly of the final parts is not required, the parts will be sent to customer within two days after being molded. Sometimes the final product needs assembling. Typically, this entails attaching metal leads to plastic connectors. If assembling is need, additional three days are required before they can be sent to customer. Customs Molds currently have a lead time of three weeks for parts not requiring fabricated molds. The Changing Environment In the early 2009, Tom and Mason Miller realized that the electronic industry they supplied and their own business was changing.Electronic manufacturers have decided to make their own components to reduce cost and ensure timely supply of parts. By the 1990s, this trend has changed. Manufactu ring were developing strategic partnerships with the parts suppliers to ensure the timely delivery of high quality, cost effective parts. This has allowed for other funds to be used on other uses with larger return on investment. During the same period, Custom Molds started to have issues with delivery. Customers were complaining to delay in the delivery of the parts instead of the promised dateline.When asked about the situation, the master scheduler stated that it is difficult in determining when a particular order will be delivered. Bottlenecks were occurring during the production process, but where and when it will occur cannot be predicted. The bottleneck started to move to other operations. Tom Miller thought that that he had excess labor capacity in the mold fabrication area. He came up with a solution to push through the schedule by assigning one of the master machinist to identify the expediting those late orders. However, the tactic wasn’t effective. Complaints abou t late delivery were still coming in. o add on to the problem, two defective parts were returned. Tom Miller knows something has to be done. 1. What are the major issues facing Tom and Mason Miller? The Electronics industry to which they supplied was changing very rapidly The millers are facing the shrinking size of their core market; traditionally fabrication. These changes impact both the fabrication and the manufacturing sides of the business. For fabrication, although the number of orders remained around the same, the market for multiple molds was shrinking, so the absolute number of fabricated was reducing.The Demand for multiple molds is declining Earlier Custom Molds used to produce custom designed molds in majority but through the data provided we can analyze that in the last 3 years, the company has been getting more and more orders in the production of plastic parts consistently and the orders for custom molds have been decreasing. This calls for a mass production of plast ic parts. Inefficient Testing and Inspection Process It has been mentioned in the case that two orders were returned recently because of number of defective parts in those batches.This can be attributed to the inefficiency of the testing and inspection team. The transportation, packing, shipping etc. costs have to be incurred by the company and could have been avoided if the testing and inspection been rigorous. Increase in order sizes for plastic parts There has been a shift in demand from custom molds to plastic parts. Therefore there is a need to change the layout of the plant to something more suitable for mass production. Difficulties Meeting Quality Objectives As demand characteristics increased for manufacturing parts, there was consequent increase in lead time on parts.Customers are complaining about the late delivery of the products. This will lead to loss of credibility in front of their customers. Bottlenecks were occurring throughout the manufacturing process and quality issues were increasing. There was unplanned growth beyond the available capacity given the process issues. There were numerous non-value-adding processes throughout the workflow including delays, many inspection steps, storage and transport. Parts were not being manufactured at optimum speeds and as pressures of late deliveries and mounting backlogs built up. Thus, the quality of finished goods suffered. . What are the competitive priorities for Custom Mold’s Processes and the changing nature of the industry? Previously a. High quality product Custom Mold previously strive for top quality product for their customers and grew reputation of one of the most consistent company that strive for quality products b. Flexibility in customer orders Customization was their priorities. They fully concentrate on customers orders requirements and needs and try their best to meet those requirements. c. On time delivery Custom Mold managed to deliver all of their products to the customers w ithin the required timeEarly 2009 Due to changing nature of the industry, more customers are making strategic partnership with supplier to ensure the timely delivery of high quality and cost effective parts. As we can see, the competitive of the industry, the demand is changing and Custom Mold also must be aware of this. They must change their competitive priorities to continue compete in the industry. They might have to change their layout for molds from job shop to small batch process in this changing process. Below are the suggested competitive priorities: a. Consistent quality productsThey should maintain the quality of their products b. Cost effective They might achieve this by changing the layout from job shop to small batch process. Small batch process allows products to be made in larger volume and low variety from the job shop process. High volume tends to reduce cost per unit and can directly lowered the operation cost. c. On time delivery With customers focus on on time s hipment for their products, Custom Mold cannot simply overlook to this competitive priority. On time delivery ensure the customer trust to them and they have to be excellent on that. 3.What alternatives might the Millers pursue? What key factors should they consider as they evaluate these alternatives? Short term alternatives a. Layout of the plant should be changed Custom Molds need to change the plant layout from job shop to assembly line. This is because the company is getting more orders for manufacture of plastic parts consistently over the last three years. The demand form from the customers changed from highly customized and high quality to cost effective and timely delivery of high quality products are the strongest proof why they need to change their argument. . Identify bottlenecks in production process This is important in order for Custom Molds to retain their clients. The bottlenecks might be due the process layout in the company. Two different process for a different p roduct might overlap each others and create confusion to the process. c. Improve the efficiency of Testing and Inspection Team As has been mentioned in the case, two orders have been rejected by the customer. For this not to happen again, the efficiency of Testing and Inspection team needs to be improved. Long Term Alternatives a. Investment in Research and DevelopmentCompany would be better off to invest in R&D in order to stay ahead of its competition. R&D can often show ways to reduce costs by maintaining the same quality. b. Expansion Plans As the orders increase, company should plan for some expansion plans or some new plants to cater to increasing demand. c. Phase-out the production of Custom Molds As the numbers of orders for Custom Molds are decreasing consistently over the last 3 years, the company should look out for phasing out the production of custom molds as the company may start losing out money.Recommendations 1. Shift to Assembly Line As the number of orders for big order sizes are increasing for plastic parts, the plant layout should be changed from job-shop to an assembly line production. 2. Operational Excellence The company should focus on overall efficiency in terms of process, movement and inter-department communication. 3. Market Research The company should do extensive market research to ascertain customer’s needs and use it to determine the needs of facility and human resources.

Understanding the Benefits of Information and Communication Technology to Private Businesses in Jamaica Essay Example

Understanding the Benefits of Information and Communication Technology to Private Businesses in Jamaica Essay Example Understanding the Benefits of Information and Communication Technology to Private Businesses in Jamaica Essay Understanding the Benefits of Information and Communication Technology to Private Businesses in Jamaica Essay Understanding the benefits of Information and Communication Technology to Private Businesses in Jamaica Shavonae Johnson ID# 0900724 Stephen Clarke 0901750 University of Technology, Jamaica Research Methodology, Semester 2 Mr. F. Vassel March 11, 2013 Rationale This study was conceptualized for the reason that there is a need for private businesses to incorporate Information and Communication Technology (ICT) within their organizations. In this Information age, investment in ICT is critical to business survival, economic and social development.As such, the Minister of Science, Technology, Energy and Mining, Hon. Phillip Paulwell, is encouraging members of the private sector to partner with the Government for the construction of office space, in the ICT sector. ICT is one area of the sector plans that form the basis for Vision 2030 Jamaica. The plan outlines strategic frame-works and action plans. One strategy speaks to encouraging public and private sector partnerships to establish I nternet connectivity and access.Such a strategy would be carried out by promoting the formation of cybercentres by private entities to facilitate business growth, job distribution and creation across the country (Task Force, 2009). The Jamaican Government is actively seeking opportunities for private partnership to develop additional ICT space to meet growing demand. â€Å"With the current expansion rate and projected growth of the ICT sector, it is expected that 5,000 jobs will be created over the next three years† (S. F. Abrahams, 2012). Problem StatementInformation and Communication Technology is a fast growing sector around the world today and many opportunities are out there for private business owners to take advantage of. However, there is a great need for private businesses to incorporate ICT within their organizations. Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand the benefits that Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have on private businesses in Jama ica and how it will aid in the development of these organizations. Research Questions/ Sub-topics 1. The development of ICT in Jamaica. . What level of knowledge do private businesses have about Information and Communication Technology (ICT)? 3. To what extent will private businesses benefit from incorporating Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in their organizations? 4. What are the opportunities for Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to facilitate the private businesses’ contribution to the country’s development? 5. What are some of the challenges that private businesses may face with regards to Information and Communication Technology? SignificanceThe significance of this study is to find out ways in which private business owners in Jamaica may use ICT to aid in the maintenance, growth and development of their companies. The main beneficiaries from this research are private businesses that incorporate or will incorporate Information and Commu nication Technology, as well as those that know nothing about ICT. With the inclusion of technology to these businesses, they will thrive and owners will be pleased. Key Definitions * Information and Communication Technology the study or business of developing and using technology to process information and aid communications. Webopedia, 2013) * Private Business a company owned either by non-governmental organizations or by a relatively small number of shareholders or company members. (Wikipedia, 2013) * Vision 2030 Jamaica a 21-year plan based on a vision to make ‘Jamaica the place of choice to live, work, raise families, and do business. (Construction Task Force, 2009) * Cybercentre a place that offers computer and internet services to people, companies, and organizations. (Cambridge Dictionaries Online, 2013) Literature Review IntroductionInformation and Communication Technology (ICT) is widely acknowledged as an important resource for socio? economic advancement in bot h developed and developing countries. This is doubly so against the backdrop of the global economy which is driven by the â€Å"information age†. Private businesses in Jamaica, however, face enormous challenges in its ability to utilize these resources for its growth and development agenda. Limitations range from infrastructural constraints to an individual’s ability to convert access to ICT into tangible benefits in light of other environmental constraints.In this context, shared use models of access such as telecenters, libraries and internet cafes, are important means of making ICTs available. Not only do they bring the technology closer (physically and financially) to people who would otherwise have no access, but they may also provide additional value in the teaching and learning environments they foster. Objectives of the Review In view of the topic about Understanding the benefits of Information and Communication Technology to Private Businesses in Jamaica we se t out to review and analyze what is known about this.The review focused on the following issues: 1. The development of ICT in Jamaica. 2. What level of knowledge do private businesses have about Information and Communication Technology (ICT)? 3. To what extent will private businesses benefit from incorporating Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in their organizations? 4. What are the opportunities for Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to facilitate the private businesses’ contribution to the country’s development? 5. What are some of the challenges that private businesses may face with regards to Information and Communication Technology?The Review Process This review is the result of a targeted search for literature on ICT and the impact of it on private business and the development in Jamaica, which returned a number of resources. From these, we selected and reviewed a few articles and reports focusing on private business access to ICT via dif ferent mediums. The Development of ICT in Jamaica According to the online article â€Å"The State of ICT in Jamaica: Readiness versus Competitiveness† written by Evan Duggan, Jamaica has responded to the challenge of reducing the digital divide.The Government Of Jamaica, in its 2009 Information And Communications Technology Policy, stated that Technology (ICTs) have over the past two decades paved the way for economic and social development across the world. According to a 2005 Report on Survey by Jamaica Computer Society Education Foundation (JCSEF) titled â€Å"Training Needs Assessment of Jamaica’s Information and Communications Technology Sector† background data from secondary sources suggest that ICT developments in Jamaica are far advanced and well supported by Government policies and provisions.The Jamaican ICT Sector has been growing in terms of technological awareness and resources. According to Evan Duggan, as it relates to Software and Information Sys tems Development, there is much more room for improvement. Benefits of incorporating Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to private businesses? Ritchie and Brindley (2005) define Information and Communication Technology (ICT) as the array of primarily digital technologies designed to collect, organize, store, process and communicate information within and external to an organization, such as a private business.The incorporation of ICT is fundamental in the operation and development of any organization in today’s corporate world (Ashington, 2009; United Nation Conference On Trade And Development, 2011). In the opinion of Ashington’s (2009), his research suggested that the investment of ICTs’ had allowed organizations to reach new market, maximize employee’s engagement and productivity and improve levels of production. Similarly, UNCTAD held the view that ICT use could lower business costs, facilitate business registration and licensing, improve tax policies and administration, and facilitate trade.UNCTAD maintained that the process of registering an organization or obtaining a business license could be improved by the use of ICT, especially by enhancing access to the procedures through automation thus reducing the scope for corruption. UNCTAD’s research demonstrated that ICT supported reforms had contributed to private enterprises, particularly by speeding up the process of obtaining business licenses and permits via online use. In addition, UNCTAD’s research provided evidence that the automation of registration procedures, because of ICT, had led to an increase in the number of new firms in an economy.Secondly, the research by UNCTAD (2011) and the opinion of BELL (2007) had suggested that ICT helped reduce corruption by automating interactions between businesses and the government in order to limit the scope for human intervention and bribery, which resulted in lower business costs. Additionally, UNCTADâ₠¬â„¢s research suggested, â€Å"ICT had proved to contribute to reforms of tax policies and procedures through the introduction of electronic filing of returns, electronic payment of taxes, and the provision of taxpayer services via the Internet. Consequently, online filing of taxes had saved time for enterprises because of a reduction of forms and procedures. Finally, UNCTAD (2011) held the view the implementation of modern ICT solutions in private sector significantly improved the efficiency of many customs administrations (Trading). Such solutions, according to UNCTAD (2011), facilitated in the completion and processing of customs declarations electronically and other paperwork associated with importing and exporting.According to UNCTAD (2011), electronic customs declarations had proven to bring clearance times down and to reduce the time that goods had to stay at border crossings and in ports; most importantly, this leads to a reduction in costs to business. What are the opport unities for Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to facilitate private businesses’ contribution to the country’s development? Information and Communication Technology (ICT) provides economic opportunities for all population and provides increased productivity. Asian Development Bank (2013) stated that Rapid advances in information and ommunication technology (ICT) have created tremendous opportunity for economic and social gains in the world’s poorest areas. Developing country is the term used to describe a nation with low levels of material well-being. These countries are usually said to be economically unstable due to undeveloped industrial bases, low Human Development Index (HDI), etc. HDI speaks to the levels of employment, education and life expectancy which are used to rank countries. The argument on whether ICT creates or destroys jobs is still a baffling conflict.However theory suggests that ICT can lead to innovation, which may result in outpu t growth and a concomitant growth in jobs. ICT’s innovations may create or change many existing jobs. By computerizing many aspects of private business’s ICT provides job such as: Engineering, Programming, System analysis and machine operators, etc. The development of any country is highly dependent on the quality of its education. According to Sylvester (cited from the World Bank Report 2005) one measure of national education attainment is the average number of years of schooling adults possess.This means that education transformation must make provision so that the average number of years of schooling for adults is extended. With the implementation of ICT and the creation of jobs in the private sector, more opportunity arises for adults to return to school and further their education. These also give young adults more options, opportunities and motivation for higher education. According to the World Bank report after secondary institution a high percentage of student s do not attend tertiary institution, some because of the lack of opportunity and other the lack of interest.Study has also shown that after tertiary education many students migrate overseas to find work. Jobs created through ICT can decrease the number of migrants. Ogunsola 2005 (cited from Faye 2000) mentioned that ICT’s are offering even less developed countries a window of opportunities to leapfrog the industrialization stage and transform their economies that can compete with the advanced economics on the global market. Embracing technological innovations is one of the most efficient ways to benefit from globalization.In today’s economic small and developing countries cannot afford to miss out on globalization. The introduction of private businesses can have a big impact on countries development. When these private businesses implement ICT it helps countries to be opened up to globalization and the benefits thereof. Citations Ashington, A. (2009). Accessible Infor mation and Communication Technologies. Retrieved from onevoiceict. org/sites/default/files/Accessible%20ICT%20%20Benefits%20to%20Business%20and%20Society. pdf Bell. (2007).The Benefits of ICT. Retrieved from bell. ca/web/enterprise/newsRoom/en/pdf/Benefits-of-ICT-White-PaperEN. pdf Modimogale, L. , amp; Kroeze, J. H. (2011). The Role of ICT within Small and Medium Enterprisesin Gauteng. Retrieved from ibimapublishing. com/journals/CIBIMA/2011/369288/369288. pdf Ritchie, B. and Brindley, C. (2005), ICT Adoption by SMEs: Implications for Relationships andManagement, New Technology, Work and Employment, 20(3), 205-217. United Nation Conference On Trade And Development. (2011).Information Economy Report2011: ICTs as an Enabler for Private Sector Development. Retreived fromhttp://unctad. org/en/PublicationsLibrary/ier2011_en. pdf JCSEF. 2005. Training Needs Assessment of Jamaica’s Information and Communications Technology Sector. Heart Trust/NTA. Retrieved March 6, 2013 from http: //lms. heartnta. org/DesktopModules/DocumentView. aspx? TabId=0amp;Alias=ppdd. lms. heart-ntaamp;Lang=en-USamp;ItemId=983amp;wversion=Staging Evan Duggan. 2008. The State of ICT in Jamaica: Readiness versus Competitiveness. E-Novation Jamaica.Retrieved March 6, 2013 from, http://enovationjamaica. pbworks. com/w/page/18449444/The%20State%20of%20ICT%20in%20Jamaica%3A%20Readiness%20vs%20Competitiveness Information and Telecommunications Department Office of the Prime Minister. 2009. Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Policy. Broadcasting Commission. Retrieved March 6, 2013 from, broadcastingcommission. org/uploads/publications/GOJ-ICT_Policy. pdf Author Unknown. 2013. ADB’s work to improve Access to Information and Communication Received March 4, 2013 from

Free Essays on Wellness

WELLNESS Wellness: The condition of good physical and mental health, especially when maintained by proper diet, exercise, and habits. I can think of lots of things I could do to maintain my wellness, but between work, school, two kids, and housework, I barely have time to go to the bathroom. As soon as I can free up my schedule (like when the kids go to college) I would like to try regular massage therapy sessions. I think a monthly massage would do wonders for my physical and mental health by relieving my back pain and relaxing my mind, body, and soul. What is a therapeutic massage? Therapeutic massage involves the manipulation of the soft tissue structures of the body to prevent and alleviate pain, discomfort, muscle spasm, and stress; and, to promote health and wellness. The American Massage Therapy Association (AMTA) defines massage therapy as a profession in which the practitioner applies manual techniques, and may apply adjunctive therapies, with the intention of positively affecting the health and well-being of the client. Massage therapy improves functioning of the circulatory, lymphatic, muscular, skeletal, and nervous systems and may improve the rate at which the body recovers from injury and illness. Massage involves holding, causing movement of soft tissue, and/or applying pressure to the body. It comes in many forms, including Swedish (a gentle, relaxing massage), pressure point therapy (for certain conditions for injuries), and sports massage (focuses on muscle groups relevant to the particular sport.) How can a massage be medically beneficial? People find that therapeutic massage can help with a wide range of medical conditions, including: Allergies Anxiety and stress Arthritis (osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis) Asthma and bronchitis Carpal tunnel syndrome Chronic and temporary pain Circulatory problems Depression Digestive disorders, including spastic ... Free Essays on Wellness Free Essays on Wellness WELLNESS Wellness: The condition of good physical and mental health, especially when maintained by proper diet, exercise, and habits. I can think of lots of things I could do to maintain my wellness, but between work, school, two kids, and housework, I barely have time to go to the bathroom. As soon as I can free up my schedule (like when the kids go to college) I would like to try regular massage therapy sessions. I think a monthly massage would do wonders for my physical and mental health by relieving my back pain and relaxing my mind, body, and soul. What is a therapeutic massage? Therapeutic massage involves the manipulation of the soft tissue structures of the body to prevent and alleviate pain, discomfort, muscle spasm, and stress; and, to promote health and wellness. The American Massage Therapy Association (AMTA) defines massage therapy as a profession in which the practitioner applies manual techniques, and may apply adjunctive therapies, with the intention of positively affecting the health and well-being of the client. Massage therapy improves functioning of the circulatory, lymphatic, muscular, skeletal, and nervous systems and may improve the rate at which the body recovers from injury and illness. Massage involves holding, causing movement of soft tissue, and/or applying pressure to the body. It comes in many forms, including Swedish (a gentle, relaxing massage), pressure point therapy (for certain conditions for injuries), and sports massage (focuses on muscle groups relevant to the particular sport.) How can a massage be medically beneficial? People find that therapeutic massage can help with a wide range of medical conditions, including: Allergies Anxiety and stress Arthritis (osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis) Asthma and bronchitis Carpal tunnel syndrome Chronic and temporary pain Circulatory problems Depression Digestive disorders, including spastic ... Free Essays on Wellness I agree with National Wellness Institute’s definition of â€Å"wellness†. National Wellness Institute defines Wellness as â€Å"an active process of becoming aware of and making choices toward a more successful existence†. This means that when person is healthy, he/she is able to clearly see all possible choices in their life, and that he/she is able to logically make the right choices in order to succeed. For example, a person who is under a lot of stress, which may be caused by debts, or may be by family issues, is not really healthy. As the problems continue to build up, a person becomes ill, mentally ill, and in some severe cases will think that committing suicide is the only way out. This is a good example of ill person, since he/she does not see any other possible ways out of their problem, and he/she does not want to logically look for another plan. In order for this person to become healthy again, he/she will need to talk a doctor who can help him/her by referring to the right people. Talking to a doctor would be the first right choice to become healthy....

Destructiveness of garment structure Dissertation

Destructiveness of garment structure - Dissertation Example Deconstruction  -----------------------12 2.2 Identification of Conceptual and Functional Fashion----14 2.3 The Idea of Experimental Design in Fashion-------------15 2.4 Architectural Deconstruction in the Structure of Fashion Apparel---------17 Chapter 3: Case Studies-------------------------------------------------------------24 3.1 The Impact of Japanese Designers-------------------------24 3.1.1 Rei Kawakubo, Founder of Commes des Garcons----------27 3.1.2 Yohji Yamamoto--------------------------------29 3.2 The Influence of Experimental Designers-----------------31 3.2.1 Martin Margiela----------------------------------32 3.2.2 Hussein Chalayan---------------------------------35 Chapter 4: Fashion Collection on Deconstruction of Garment Design: Origami Art and Geometric Patternin-----------37 Chapter 5: Conclusion---------------------------------------------------------------42 REFERENCES----------------------------------------------------------------------43 REFERENCES FOR IL LUSTRATIONS------------------------------------------46 List of Figures Fig. 1a. Sydney Opera House: Section Drawing------------------------------------------19 Fig.1b. Sydney Opera House: Photo-------------------------------------------------------19 Figs. 2a., 2b., 2c.Ozezen’s Dress Designs Inspired by Sydney Opera House--------20 Fig. 3. A-POC Clothing Line by Issey Miyake, 2004-----------------------------------22 Fig.4. Testa’s Carbon Tower---------------------------------------------------------------23 Figs. 5a, 5b. Rei Kawakubo: The Lumps and Bumps Collection----------------------28 Figs. 6a, 6b. Yohji Yamamoto: Spring 2012, Ready to Wear---------------------------30 Figs. 7a, 7b. Maison Martin Margiela: Spring 2012 Ready to Wear-------------------34 Figs. 8a, 8b. Chalayan: Fall...Gill (1998) argues that clothes are not liberated from funtionality because of deconstruction as an external causal force. On the other hand, the elimination of functionality from clo thing is achieved through a complex interaction between bodies, clothing and their different settings of use (Gill, 1998). Salingaros and Alexander (2004) state that deconstruction is a new concept that denotes the breaking up of coherent forms; it takes apart traditional literature, art and architecture. In buidling construction, the concept has become increasingly influential among architects, scholars, educators, decision makers, policy makers, and developers of prestigious construction projects. Deconstruction in architecture is more than mere visual fashion, and contributes extensively to form, function and aesthetics (Salingaros & Alexander, 2004). It is characterized by broken lines and lopsided asymmetrical shapes portraying the destruction of conventional principles. Other possible elements of architectural deconstruction include a building construction of unsuitable scale for human use, either two small or excessively big, disconnected and unrelated components and surfaces, along with highly polished metal work and sparkling glass, state Saligaros & Alexander (2004).

ICT Use at Hollow Meadows Health & Spa Resort Essay

ICT Use at Hollow Meadows Health & Spa Resort - Essay Example The paper tells that the hospitality business of Hollow Meadows Health & Spa Resort is conceptualized on the idea of offering services in the following areas: weight loss programme, exercise, nutrition, well being, nutrition and healthy cooking classes, Spa, romantic weekend getaways for couples, outdoor activities as well as bar/pub and restaurant. The main idea behind the business concept is to maximise revenue and occupancy through targeting several markets given that there are few organisations offering unique fitness training holidays to reduce weight and to start a new life with a healthy regime and lifestyle. The concept of business is further supported by the idea that the surrounding areas and the premises would give a great ground base towards the creation of the vision of the business which is not only limited to exercising and weight loosing, but also cooking lessons, nutrition advice and a long term solution for the clients. The business concept also encompasses secondar y offer in cosy boutique rooms which will mainly concentrate on couples wanting to spend a romantic weekend in beautiful surroundings through outdoor activities and spa treatments. However, in order to achieve quality outcomes of the business concept in the hospitality services, it is imperative to harness the appropriate use of information and communication technology. During the contemporary period, it can be noted that the phenomenal growth of the new information and communication technology particularly the internet has revolutionized the ways people conduct business. (Haag, Cummings & Dawkins, 2000). Information pertaining to carrying out business can be exchanged electronically between parties involved and there are many benefits of using this business strategy for the stakeholders involved. Essentially, each business is primarily concerned with serving its customers in a profitable way and this feat can be achieved if that business is in possession of the right information ab out the targeted audiences at the right time which can only be attainable through the appropriate use of information and communication technology as going to be explained below. In this particular case, there is a trend showing cross functional business systems within the same enterprise which require the use of an integrated communication system such as the internet in order to fully support the management of the concept. Business of this particular nature is comprised of interrelated departments which through combined efforts by the stakeholders involved are aimed at achieving the same goal (Robbins, 1997). However, it is quite challenging to achieve a cross functional team approach in the organisation of this nature without harnessing IT which is supportive of horizontal flow of information. This entails that there is need for coordination between different systems within that particular organisation in order to achieve the set goals. Thus, management of the business concept can be supported by the appropriate use of technology and information systems which are the means by which people and organisations, utilising technologies, gather, process, store, use and disseminate information (Haag, Cummings & Dawkins, 2000). The internet in this particular case is more ideal given that it has several advantages to the targeted audiences as well as organisation as a whole. The rationale behind this strategy